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  • Article

    Another Covid Causality: Global Journalism

    Author
    Khan, Ershad Komal
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2023-12, Vol.7 (2)
    Abstract
    • This study investigates the profound impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the global media landscape and its consequential effects on journalism. Utilizing the secondary data analysis method, this study explores how the pandemic affected journalists worldwide. The study argues that the Covid-19 pandemic exacerbated media commercialization globally due to the ensuing global recession. Simultaneously, there was a noticeable push by politicians to exert greater influence over the media, seeking to conceal their misdeeds and shortcomings, as well as to propagate their narratives through the press. This encompassed discussions about the coronavirus’s origin, transmission, and containment efforts, often as a means to gain advantages over domestic and international political adversaries. Many outlets, faced with fiscal and political adversity, unwittingly became conduits for such political propaganda, a consequence both of their struggle for survival and their lack of preparedness to navigate a crisis of such magnitude. Consequently, a surge of disinformation and misinformation regarding the virus’s origin and mitigation permeated media outlets, resulting in a crisis of credibility. The aftermath reveals a disheartening decline in public trust in mass media that significantly impeded vaccination initiatives.
  • Article

    Communication and Subculture Identity: A Case Study of Transgender Students at a Waria (Transgender) Boarding School Al Fatah Yogyakarta

    Author
    Dewi, Maya Sandra Rosita
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2022-12, Vol.6 (2)
    Abstract
    • Identity has a crucial role in the life of every individual in society. The identity inherent in a person makes it easier for them to understand hidden aspects of themselves. Communication is essential in forming one’s identity because identity consists of the meanings learned and projected to others through communication. Applying the symbolic interactionism perspective, which explains that individuals together with the surrounding community build and shape their world, which is composed of meaningful symbols, this study aims to find out how the role of communication in constructing identity as transgender students at a waria (transgender) boarding school Al-Fatah Yogyakarta. The study shows that transgender students at the Al-Fatah Transgender Islamic boarding school formed their contradictory and ambivalent identities as sinners, confident, polite, and calm. The transgender students expressed such ambivalent identity through two levels of verbal language, the Indonesian language as a general language and a set of unique internal community vocabularies. In addition, they also show up their identity through nonverbal channels, such as dress styles and visual attributes.
  • Article

    Environmental Journalism in the Environmental Conflict: A Case Study of Mainstream and Alternative Media Discourse on the Conflict of Cement Factory Construction in Rembang, Indonesia

    Author
    Sulkhan, Khumaid Akhyat
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2022-12, Vol.6 (2)
    Abstract
    • This paper aims to reveal the discourse produced by mainstream and alternative media about the conflict of the cement factory construction of PT Semen Indonesia in Rembang, Central Java, Indonesia. This study has applied critical discourse methods proposed by Norman Fairclough, focusing on three discourse levels: texts, discursive practices, and socio-cultural practices. The analyses were conducted on the selected texts from June 2014 to December 2015 in Liputan6.com as the mainstream media category and Selamatkanbumi.com as the example of alternative media. This study found that Liputan6.com lacks environmental and biocentric values. It tends to support the discourse of ‘mining for welfare’. Liputan6.com has marginalized the arguments of the factory repellent by contrasting them with the experts’ and politicians’ statements without in-depth investigations on the impact of cement factory construction on the local environment. The news tends to be a one-sided reportage. Meanwhile, Selamatkanbumi.com quite aggressively publishes news about this conflict, framed with the discourse of ‘mining destroys the environment’. Selamatkanbumi.com has shown its alignment with the environmental crisis and has practiced the principal attitudes of environmental journalism, except professionalism. They were lack of professionalism since they often just published press releases or opinions that met with their interest, not processes with proper journalistic works.
  • Article

    Resistance in Murals: Critical Discourse Analysis of the Local Movement in Rejecting the Establishment of a Cement Factory in Rembang

    Author
    Rahma Agustin, Sarah
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2022-12, Vol.6 (2)
    Abstract
    • This research examines the discourse on rejecting the establishment of the Semen Indonesia factory in Rembang. Taking the murals in Tegaldowo Village, Rembang, as the object study, this study discussed the production of knowledge about the rejection of the factory establishment and power relations in such conflict over the factory establishment. This study applies a visual discourse analysis model developed by Gillian Rose, which includes several essential elements in the text: key themes, justification strategies and their effects, contradictions, positions of the subjects, and location and time of production. This research finds that the movement against the establishment of a cement factory, in addition to going through legal channels, was carried out through cultural media, including by forming discourses that strengthened this rejection. The justification for refusing the establishment is generally based on both traditional and modern ecological discourses. The subjects presented in the text represent the polarization of interests and groups within the local communities, between groups that are pro and contra to the construction of the cement factory, as well as justifying that the cement factory establishment causes such polarization.
  • Article

    Political Elites in Disaster News: A Framing Analysis of the 2010 Mt. Merapi Eruption News in TVRI Yogyakarta

    Author
    Kusumastuti, Dwi Nurrahmi
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2022-12, Vol.6 (2)
    Abstract
    • The paper focuses on how a local station of Indonesian public television, i.e., TVRI Yogyakarta, framed the news about the 2010 Mt. Merapi eruption. Applying a textual analysis model developed by Zhongdang Pan and Gerald M. Kosicki, the paper analyses a news program of TVRI Yogyakarta called ‘Berita Yogya’ from 26th October to 14th November 2010. The study finds that TVRI Yogyakarta has emphasized news figures or the element of ‘who’ in the news, especially concerning governments and political parties’ elites. Related to this framing, TVRI Yogyakarta has frequently highlighted the topic of disaster aid, especially from the government and political parties. TVRI has accentuated the solidarity and care from government and political parties through the headlines and news about the ceremonies of handing over disaster aid from the political elites to the survivors. It shows that, instead of performing its role as a public media during the crisis of the Mt. Merapi eruption, TVRI Yogyakarta was imprisoned in the New Order ideology of TVRI as a state television.
  • Article

    The #MeToo Phenomenon on Indian Social Media: Moving Onward from the American #MeToo

    Author
    Ahlawat, Ila
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2022-10, Vol.6 (1)
    Abstract
    • This article sought to reflect upon the online #MeToo movement in India, as it began to unfold, especially October 2018 onwards. The focus lied upon the role of social media, mainly Twitter, in originating, sustaining and popularizing the movement both online as well as giving it a momentum in the real world, especially through mainstream news media. This article made a concerted attempt at examining technology and its interaction with gendered forms of social media communication. Through empirical and theoretical analyses, concepts such as trolling, anonymity and digital heterogeneity vis-a-vis social media feminist activism have been examined, as have been the structural shortcomings pertaining to class, caste, sexuality and race. It sought to assert that social media carried an effective potential in countering the neoliberal male discourse of selectively granting women agency and visibility in media spaces.
  • Article

    Leveraging Pan-Africanism to Fight French Neocolonialism in Francophone Africa: A Study of the Cameroonian Audio-Visual Media and Intelligentsia

    Author
    Endong, Floribert Patrick C.
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2023-01, Vol.6 (2)
    Abstract
    • The persistence of French neo-colonialism has motivated the emergence of new and very aggressive forms of pan-Africanism in most – nay all – Francophone African countries. Indeed, many Francophobic pressure groups operating in Francophone African countries have sought to resist French neo-colonialism in their countries by mobilizing forms of pan-Africanism, which to a great extent, are xenophobic and disruptive to France’s diplomacy in specific Francophone African countries. In Cameroon, for instance, several so-called pan-African media initiatives, such as Afrique Media, have resorted to a very combative – but professionally problematic – form of journalism called ‘journalism of opinion’ to denounce Western political imperialism and contribute in no small measure, to the fight against Western (and particularly French) neo-colonialism in Cameroon. This paper seeks to illustrate the above phenomenon hinging on secondary sources and critical observations. Specifically, the paper explores indexes of French neo-colonialism in Cameroon and examines how the Cameroonian intelligentsia, in general and specific pan-African media houses in the countries in particular, have sought to combat this French neo-colonialism. 
  • Article

    Understanding Frames of the State-Sponsored Media Tweets During the 2019 Hong Kong Protests

    Author
    Kim, Ji Young
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2022-12, Vol.6 (1)
    Abstract
    • In this current study, Chinese government’s strategic communication efforts were explored in the context of the 2019 Hong Kong protests via state-sponsored media tweets. To understand how the government conveyed the protests and how it is engaged with other stakeholders, tweets were examined inductively in terms of frames and stakeholders. Recognizing the strategic nature of agenda building, message frames, stakeholders, and their characteristics and relationships around the issues were the key aspects of understanding the issue. Results show the multiple frames identified to understand how the protests were described, who the main actors were, and how their relationships were presented in the social media messages. The representation of the stakeholders or frames in the social media messages changed over a short period. The roles of state-sponsored tweets as strategic public diplomacy tools and information sources are discussed.
  • Article

    Building Walls Through Cultural Exchange: NHK’s Cool Japan and Home Sweet Tokyo

    Author
    Lafontaine, Andree
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2022-10, Vol.6 (1)
    Abstract
    • In this paper I look at two programs broadcasted on NHK—Japan’s public broadcaster—featuring foreigners living in Japan, Cool Japan and Home Sweet Tokyo, and the refracted ways in which Japanese identity is constructed through gazes that are self-Orientalizing and Occidentalizing. I place the two within three contexts: the Cool and Sugoi Japan campaigns, the foreign talent industry, and the increased concerns over foreigners in Japan. Using a functionalist approach, my analysis highlights the roles played by these two programs within Japanese society and for a Japanese audience, especially in its representation of foreign residents in light of cultural nationalism. While NHK produces some programs featuring non-Japanese hosts and guests, Cool Japan and Home Sweet Tokyo are of unique interest for their purported aim to represent and give voice to foreigners living in Japan.
  • Article

    Polymedia Model on the Information-Seeking of Young Urban Indonesian on Fashion and Their Perception on Japanese and Indonesian Brands

    Authors
    Perbawaningsih, Yudi; Sri Rejeki, MC. Ninik; Tunggal, Immanuel Dwi Asmoro
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2022-10, Vol.6 (1)
    Abstract
    • In the digital era, urban youth face various media – including conventional media – to seek information related to fashion. Fashion items are one of the top three things Indonesian people buy, and Japanese fashion is one of the foreign brands they can mention. The media and information exposure affect their reaction and response toward the information. This study explored and compared Indonesian urban youth's information-seeking behavior about fashion and their perceptions of Japanese and Indonesian fashion brands. Data were collected through paper and pencil questionnaires administered to 291 students at four educational institutions in two major cities, with a diversity of age, gender, place of residence, religion, and education level. This study suggested that (1) young people used various media (polymedia), both conventional and new media. Digging up information directly to fashion brand outlets was a crucial choice, (2) information-seeking behavior was related to fashion brand perceptions. Perceptions of Japanese brands were better than their Indonesian counterparts, although it varied on different demographic characteristics and diversity of information-seeking patterns. This research has several implications: (1) fashion information must be conveyed to consumers as a unique person rather than as a collective person; (2) fashion information must be delivered either through conventional media – including direct shop visits, as well as new media, (3) Need to build a product as a global brand image.
  • Article

    “They Are Not Gone – yet!” : Social Media Users’ Reaction to the Perceived Death of Cyber Acquaintances

    Author
    Memarian, Mohammad
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2022-08, Vol.6 (1)
    Abstract
    • Through in-depth interviews with 28 Iranian social media users, this paper examines the reaction of social media users to the perceived death of their online friends in order to find common threads of anxieties and uncertainties among users who experienced such events. We found that subjects experience contextual, cognitive and emotional difficulties in absorbing the news, leading them to go through an initial stage of wandering before dealing with the actual trauma. Such difficulties are categorized in terms of 5 generic conditions: Conceptual Dilemma, Rational Denial, Situational Puzzlement, Relational Confusion, and Environmental Inconsistency. With ample examples, we have discussed each condition and their interrelatedness. It seems that rather than an absolute fact, the death of an online friend is understood, or felt, as a fuzzy state of mixed presence and absence, in relation to which later death events in online or even offline situations may be understood.
  • Article

    Mobile Application Purchase: Comparison of Utilitarian Features between Users and Non-users

    Authors
    Rahmanian, Emad; Abomolouki, Hassan
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-11, Vol.5 (1), p.37-59
    Abstract
    • This study aims to understand how utilitarian features of a mobile application moderate purchase motivations and intentions among users and non-users. Taking a case of cinema ticket purchase in the Iranian context, this study has collected empirical data through a questionnaire from 240 respondents. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze data. Motivational variables were grouped into four groups: functional motivations, convenience-based functional motivations, product motivations, and service motivations. In addition, the gender issue of the consumer was also considered. This study finds that such motivational factors significantly affect consumers’ motivations, both male and female consumers. Analysis on gender shows no significant differences among male and female consumers. Therefore, these factors should be considered in formulating marketing communication strategy and media management, especially for non-users. Further research should consider other motivational factors, such as hedonic motivations, attitude, and situational factors, to understand consumer behaviors comprehensively. Keywords: marketing communication, mobile application, mobile purchase, utilitarian features, mobile marketing, cinema ticket.
  • Article

    Social Identity Negotiation in Online Communication: Understanding the Formation of Violent Normalization as Means to Deal with Violent Crimes in Online Facebook Group ‘Info Cegatan Jogja’

    Authors
    Asyraf, Muhammad Affan; Putri, Megawati Sukarno; Qiara, Aulia Devi; Kirana, Ardifya Nandhia; Dzakki, Muhammad Naufal
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-12, Vol.5 (2)
    Abstract
    • In the last decade, street violence in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) has increased immensely. Whether intentional or organized, violence has become news, increasingly appearing on various media and social platforms. This phenomenon contradicts the predicate of Yogyakarta as a city of students and a city of culture. Through such background, this study encourages investigating the socio-cultural contexts of such increasing violence in a city, promoting its branding as a non-violence city. This study analyses one of the largest online social platforms in Yogyakarta, called ‘Info Cegatan Jogja’ (ICJ). Applying an ethnographic approach, quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed using the sentiment analysis method. The study finds that the high rate of violence is not solely the result of street violence itself, but is also supported by the act of justifying violence with the general idea that the accurate way to deal with violence is through violence. In other words, society begins to assume that if it is treated as a curative measure, then violence is accepted as something to be normalized. Keywords: Violence, Info Cegatan Jogja, social media, negotiation, violent normalization.
  • Article

    Africa’s Image on American and Chinese Screens: Case Study of ‘Black Panther’ and ‘Operation Red Sea

    Author
    Rodrigue, Taling Tene
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-12, Vol.5 (2)
    Abstract
    • In the wave of industrialization and internationalization of the Chinese Film Industry, the Chinese blockbuster ‘Operation Red Sea’ burst out as the 2018’s revelation in terms of quality standards and visual effects. The movie starred a Chinese navy team, ‘Jiaolong’, made of eight highly-trained and well-armed commandos to protect overseas Chinese nationals, rescue hostages, and handle a terrorist organization involved in nuclear weapons’ deals. However, Africa is featured as the film’s background story, and warfare actions’ playground, displaying to the domestic and world audience the old made-up clichés of Africa blended with war, terrorism, piracy and desert. Meanwhile, in the same year, Hollywood released ‘Black Panther’, a blockbuster which as well featured Africa as the film’s background story and actions’ playground, but that surprisingly overturned Hollywood’s century-old tradition of picturing a dark Africa full of political turmoil, wars, famine, diseases and illegal migrations. It also downplayed Marvel’s obsession with ‘White Super-heroism’. With regards to these paradigms shifts, the article, through a comparative study of the two hits mentioned above, aims at highlighting the media portrayal of Africa on American and Chinese screens, digging out the motives behind Hollywood upturn on Africa’s narrative, and identifying possible solutions for the Chinese Film Industry to improve its experience of ‘African thematic movies’ while avoiding Hollywood’s past mistakes. Keywords: Media portrayal of Africa, African thematic movies, Hollywood, Chinese film industry, Black Panther, Operation Red Sea.
  • Article

    Battling Underaged Online Video Gamers: Probing the Negative Effects of Online Video Gaming Addictions on Young Adolescents

    Author
    Demuyakor, John
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-12, Vol.5 (2)
    Abstract
    • Many countries, including China, have declared online video gaming addictions among children and young adolescents as a public health emergency. With these growing concerns about the number of times children and young adolescents of school-going age spend time playing online video games, this study seeks to examine the adverse effects of online video gaming among young adolescents aged 13-17. This article drew on the theory of online gaming addiction and employed a qualitative research design through in-depth interviews. This study has collected data from 40 respondents in five public junior high schools in the Chaoyang District of Beijing, China. The data analysis was done through consolidated thematic analysis. This study finds that online video gaming platforms have significantly resulted in excessive addictions and negatively affected students' educational achievements, social relations, and physical and mental health. Keywords: online video games; addictions; young adolescents; China’s public junior high schools.  
  • Article

    Adaptation of Multi-platform Broadcasting Management in the Disruption Era: A Case Study of Private Television in Indonesia

    Authors
    Setiadi, Anggi Arifudin; Afifi, Subhan; Suparno, Basuki Agus
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-12, Vol.5 (2)
    Abstract
    • The disruption era is characterized by massive, rapid and unpatterned changes, causing uncertainty, unclear direction and complex relationships between factors driving the change. This epoch is accelerated by the massive use of digital technology with several main characteristics, such as the increasing importance of artificial intelligence, the internet of things, virtual reality, and three-dimensional printing machines. Such rapid changes require private television managers to adapt broadcasting practices to capture opportunities and anticipate threats. Taking a case study of private television in Indonesia, this article explores how multiplatform broadcast media adjust to such rapid changes. Applying the value chain concept as a theoretical framework, this study investigates five essential aspects of the broadcast production chain: content creation, packaging, scheduling, distribution platform, and user interface. The research method was descriptive qualitative with in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies as the primary data collection methods. This study shows that the packaging aspect is a new strategy in multiplatform broadcasting management by determining the target audience of a packaged program. The user interface strategy using multiple platforms allows the interaction with the audience. The broadcasting work management system using Trello enables television workers to work anywhere without coming to the office. Flexibility and time efficiency are applied in broadcasting work management. At the same time, the target market of the millennial generation who rarely watches television but watches YouTube broadcasts is responded by designing programs and channels that are more suited to the millennial character. Keywords: Multiplatform broadcasting management, disruption era, broadcasting value chain, private television 
  • Article

    Sentiment Polarity Identification in Banner Headlines of Broadsheets in the Philippines

    Author
    Diaz, Manuel Jr
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-12, Vol.5 (2)
    Abstract
    • This study analyses the sentiment polarity of the banner headlines from six broadsheets in the Philippines with the biggest circulation nationwide. The sentiment polarity is the general perception of whether it is worded positively, neutral, or negatively. This study employs five machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) to conduct the analysis. The results reveal a tone reflecting editorial policy that tends to lean towards the negative tone. While there is a utility for negative framing of the news, this paper argues that a pivot to the positive, particularly in the Philippine setting, is worth considering. Based on current literature, positivity shows the potential to bring in more readers. Publishers can leverage positivity in the news as part of strategies to stem the tide of readership decline. Positivity in the news should start with the headline, through which readers have a first glimpse of the story. Keywords: sentiment polarity identification, sentiment analysis, sentiment polarity of banner headlines
  • Article

    Communicating COVID-19 Pandemic on Facebook: Illustrations from Users’ Screenshots from Nigeria and Bangladesh

    Authors
    Mohammad Ali, Habib; Batta, Herbert; C Ogaraku, Henry
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-04, Vol.15 (1), p.1-17
    Abstract
    • The outbreak of COVID-19 has dented the global public health profile. On the one side, the ubiquity of social media has led to damaging misinformation, fake news, stigmatization, and conspiracy theories. Fortunately, on the other side, the advantageous characteristics of social media and the informational support mechanisms with which they produce social safety valves; are a solid basis to curbing the pandemic. This paper examines the use of social media as a valuable platform to publicly communicate the COVID-19, especially its scientific discourses. This paper focuses on Facebook as a platform amenable to the strategic digital communication of COVID-19. It takes illustrations from screenshots of Facebook users in Nigeria and Bangladesh. Some of the identified strategies include supporting for preventive measures, focusing on solutions, countering fake information, standing against racism and stigmatization, relying on scientific facts, confronting conspiracy theories, dealing with pseudoscience and denials, explaining statistics meaningfully, avoiding the temptation to trivialize and sensationalize, and using local languages.
  • Article

    Broadcast Journalism of Private Radio in Cirebon, Indonesia, in the Convergence Era

    Authors
    Fajriyah Ningrum, Afiaty; Adiprasetio, Justito
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-07, Vol.5 (1), p.19-35
    Abstract
    • Convergence is a deep integration of knowledge, tools, and all relevant areas of human activities. As an inevitable condition, convergence has also changed a lot of aspects of mass media at the international, national, and local levels. This study elaborates how the local radios in Cirebon, namely Sindangkasih FM, Suara Gratia FM, and Cirebon Radio, are adapting to the convergence culture. This study seeks to demonstrate how the convergence culture can affect private broadcast media, which are not in the epicentrum of media in Indonesia. This study indicates that these three private radios in Cirebon have tried to adapt to the convergence culture in minimally three aspects, namely structural, information coverage, and news presentation or storytelling convergence. The structural convergence happened at the organizational structure of the radio, in which more direct and fluid coordination in the newsgathering and writing processes is applied. At the news coverage level, reporters and scriptwriters are responsible for managing news content for old radio broadcasts and new online media as well. At the news presentation level, the news is not only broadcasted but also reported on new online channels, such as websites and social media. These convergences have further created a more convergent newsroom, including integrating journalism workflows, applying multiskilled journalism and resource sharing, using various technological tools, creating interactivity with the audience, and expanding the audience reach. Keywords: journalism, convergence, broadcasting, interactivity, radio
  • Article

    Islamic Discourse and Baduy in Tanah Ulayat Kanekes: Contestations and Connections

    Authors
    Naziah, Salma Qowiyatun; Dhona, Holy Rafika
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-06, Vol.5 (1)
    Abstract
    • The Cicakal Girang village, known as the village where the Muslim Baduy lives, has different religious practices from the Baduy. Obedience to Baduy customs is very loose in this village, which the Baduy indigenous community permits. This study investigates the cultural discourse producing the Cicakal Girang village and the reproduction of such discourse as well. The empirical data were collected through fieldwork and analyzed with the cultural discourse analysis method. This study finds that the Cicakal Girang and its Islamic activities practice the existing discourse system, namely the Cicakal Girang as a place of the 'penghulu ratu’ (the queen) of the Baduy community. Such discourse situates the Cicakal Girang as a connection space for the Baduy community with the outside world. It is reproduced in the interaction between Cicakal Girang and the Baduy community. Keywords: Baduy, Cicakal Girang, communication geography, cultural discourse analysis 
  • Article

    Tsunami in the Collective Memory: A Reception Study of the Visitors of Tsunami Memorials in Aceh, Indonesia

    Authors
    Nazaruddin, Muzayin; Indah, Lana Senja
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2021-06, Vol.5 (1)
    Abstract
    • Disaster tourism could be defined as tourism practices based on certain disasters, both natural and cultural, which happened in the past. It melts the enjoyment and trauma, when people come and enjoy the monument of disaster or damaged place caused by a disaster. Thus, many questions arise: why do people come as tourists to disaster artefacts? How do people make meaning of the disaster artefacts? The paper examines this question, taking the visitors of Tsunami Museum, PLTD Apung Monument, and Kapal Tsunami Lampulo as study cases. The paper aims to describe the meaning of disaster tourism activities constructed by the visitors of these three memorials. The broader purpose of the study is to understand why and how people enjoy the disaster tourism destinations. The paper is based on qualitative research done in these three memorials in Aceh, Indonesia. The fieldwork to collect primary data was conducted in three months in 2015 and another three months in 2017, optimizing in-depth interviews and observations. The study concludes that disaster tourism activities are closely related to individual and collective memory. The Acehnese or the outsider, who is deeply related to the place or has direct experience of the tsunami, construct the meaning of their activities as remembering and recreational activities, which is closely associated with their inner level of memory. While the Indonesian and foreigners who do not have firsthand experience of the disaster construct the meaning of their visits as educational and recreational activities, which is related to the collective memory of the 2004 tsunami. Thus, the study confirms some previous studies that have emphasized that disaster tourism could have different roles and change its function to suit visitors' needs. Keywords: disaster tourism, collective memory, Tsunami Museum, PLTD Apung Monument, Kapal Tsunami Lampulo
  • Article

    Exploring the Use of Mobile Instant Messaging Among Middle-aged Adults in Social Relationships Maintenance with Family and Friends

    Author
    Lo, Olivine Wai-yu
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2020-12, Vol.4 (2)
    Abstract
    • Smartphone has played a vital role in shaping our modern daily life, including gratifying our needs in entertainment, information search, and social networking. Nowadays, mobile instant messaging (MIM) has been adopted as a main communication tool not only by the younger generations, but also by the older groups. However, most studies have focused on how the young users communicate with their peers, while the middle-aged group has not received any proper attention from researchers. This study aims to examine middle-aged adults’ (40 to 60 years old) use of MIM as a complementing tool of the traditional communication forms to sustain relational involvements with their friends and family members. Applying a snowballing online survey method, this study has asked a group of students of a communication research class of a mid-size private university in Hong Kong to deliver the online questionnaire to their parents, also asked their parents to send the questionnaire to their middle-aged friends who have children. This study finds two major types of MIM functions being used: visual-based and audio-based. These functions are significantly related to three newly found relational gratifications: friendship maintenance, family relations maintenance, and troubleshooting. This study expands the understanding of specific MIM communication patterns among the respondents, also explores the age and gender differences in MIM communication. Keywords: Mobile instant messaging, relational maintenance gratifications, family relations, middle-aged adults.
  • Article

    Raw Denim as a Means of Communication: Self Expression and Identity

    Authors
    Rahmandani, Fadhli; Sari, Ratna Permata
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2020-12, Vol.4 (2)
    Abstract
    • Fashion plays an important role in the self-identity formation processes. In this sense, jeans are getting increasingly popular as it has become a trend in fashion. This study examines how raw denim becomes a form of self-expression for its wearer. Applying a qualitative approach, this study has gathered the empirical data through in-depth interviews and observations to an Indonesian denim community called as INDIGO. This study shows that raw denim users have several ways to express themselves as raw denim users. Denim has characteristics that allow for personalization according to one’s body shape, especially the creases and fades that mark the daily habits of the wearer. Denim becomes a representation of the wearers and a way to express their self identity. In order to show that they are a denimhead, one must consider every related actions they take in using raw denim, including joining in a denim community. Keywords: denim, fashion, self expression, identity, Indonesian denim community. 
  • Article

    Tank-top, Indonesian Music Video, and Mythologizing Modern Women: Some Theoretical Notes

    Author
    Christabella, Fionna
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2020-12, Vol.4 (2)
    Abstract
    • Tank-top has recently become a popular costume in the Indonesian music video. As a theoretical note, this paper shows that music video has been analyzed with two different but interrelated approaches, i.e. contextual and textual analysis. The contextual analysis emphasizes the broader political economy surrounding the production, distribution and consumption of the music video. The textual analysis, which could be conducted in three types of analysis, i.e. narrative, content, and semiotics, focuses on the representation practices in the music video. This study also shows that tank-top, an underwear moved out into outerwear, is a kind of femininity technique, characterized by the appearance and projection of the female body. The use of tank-top in music video shows the ‘new order for intimacy’ through the ‘ritualization of nudity and sexuality’. This phenomenon also examples the way of mythologizing modern women, through which the representation of modern women have become a myth. However, this very construction of modern women is inseparable from the ideological discourses and power relations that naturalize these representational practices. Keywords: Indonesian music video, tank-top, representation, modern women, myth, ideology.
  • Article

    The Discourse of Tionghoa Muslim Identity in Indonesia After the Reform Order: A Critical Discourse Analysis of ‘Komunitas’ - ‘Cheng Hoo’ Magazine

    Author
    Alwajih, Ahmad
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2020-10, Vol.4 (2)
    Abstract
    • The discourse of Indonesian Chinese Muslim identity has been shaped through long historical processes. Since the colonialism era to the Reform Order, this discourse has changed due to the economic and political transformation, which in turn give an impact to the structure of the identity itself. The Reform Era is one of social ruptures in Indonesia that become interesting historical context to examine how the discourse of Indonesian Chinese Muslim has been developed. This study has examined the notions of identity through a critical discourse analysis model as proposed by Norman Fairclough, which emphasizes both sociocultural practice of discourse and micro level of discourse. Taking Komunitas - Cheng Hoo magazine as a case study, this study aims to outline the discourse on Chinese Muslim identity in Indonesia in the post-New Order context. As one of the results of political reform in Indonesia which has opened up the opportunity for the Chinese communities to express their identity, this magazine emphasizes various positive representations of Chinese communities and their cultures. However, such positive representations also entail dynamic tensions of Chinese identities, i.e., tension between ‘Chinese’ and ‘Tionghoa’ terms, between nationalism and discrimination issues, and tension of being apolitical or political subject. This study also finds that the representation of Chinese Muslim is not singular, but plural, fluid and constantly in contestation with the others. Most importantly, Chinese Muslims are represented as inclusive-rational groups and as true nationalist people. Keywords: critical discourse analysis, Indonesian Chinese Muslim, identity, Reform Order.
  • Article

    The Use of New Media Technology in Families and Its Impact on Intimacy

    Authors
    Nabela, Hana Rizquna; Rianto, Puji
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2020-10, Vol.4 (2)
    Abstract
    • This study aims to find out how the presence of new media technology affects the communication intimacy between children and parents. Applying a qualitative approach, the empirical data for this study were collected through interviews, observations, documents, and audiovisual materials in two smartphone user families in Java, Indonesia. This study finds that the presence of new media technology has affected the intimacy of family, both in the aspects of communication, trust, and alienation. The use of smartphones can widen the communication distance between parents and children. Keywords: new media technology, family intimacy, communication, trust, alienation.
  • Article

    Nationalism in Popular Culture: Critical Discourse Studies on American and Indonesian Films

    Authors
    Felani, Herman; Adi, Ida Rochani; Lukito, Ratno
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2020-10, Vol.4 (1)
    Abstract
    • Many scholars have alarmed the rise of new extreme nationalism in many countries which is actively  promoted by some important national and international leaders. This paper examines the discourses of nationalism in popular culture and compares them with the nationalism ideas as promoted by those political leaders. Assuming that popular culture represents the bedrock belief of the society, this study has investigated the ideology of nationalism in 10 American and 10 Indonesian films applying the discourse historical approach from Ruth Wodak and Martin Reisigl. This study has identified nine features of nationalism in American films, i.e. us against them, saving life of Americans versus taking life of enemies,  individual versus institutional hero, hero as common people, anti war narratives, individual versus national interest, absence of governmental supports, white as the dominant, and superpower. While six main features of nationalism in Indonesian films are against poverty, against foreign power, against corruption, sacrifice and service for the nation, imagination as a nation, and developing the nation. This study concludes that the discourse of nationalism in American and Indonesian films do not in line with the nationalism ideas as proposed by the politicians or the government. While the politicians are campaigning new hostile nationalism, popular cultures are promoting nationalism with individual freedom and equality, striving for prosperity, and fighting poverty.Keywords: Discourse-Historical Approach; nationalism; new nationalism; popular culture; American film;   Indonesian film.
  • Article

    Telegram Discourse on The 2017 Iran’s Presidential Election

    Author
    Kermani, Hossein
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2020-04, Vol.4 (1)
    Abstract
    • This paper explores the discourse in Telegram during the Iran’s 2017 election period. Recently, Telegram has become the most popular social media in Iran, playing a significant role in recent social and political events. This paper examines the highest-ranking posts to provide a better understanding of Telegram posts’ characteristics, dynamics, and potentials for producing the new discourses or reinforcing the existing ones. The materials of this study were gathered from the 620 most-viewed posts during the election period. The data were analyzed mainly with quantitative content analysis and completed with ethnographic content analysis. This study finds that counter discourses are not shaped in Telegram and the most viewed posts mainly reproduce and reinforce the dominant discourses. This finding also clarifies how the content circulation is affected by the national political events, such as the election.  Keywords: Telegram, Iran, presidential election, content analysis, discourse analysis.
  • Article

    Representation and Commodification of Female Body in the Indonesian Post Reform Horror Movies

    Authors
    Larasati, Verena Vinandia; Wahid, Abdul
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2020-04, Vol.4 (1)
    Abstract
    • This study examines the representation and commodification practices of female bodies in the Indonesian horror films produced in the Post Reform Era. Three horror movies, i.e. Terowongan Casablanca (2007), Tali Pocong Perawan (2008), and Air Terjun Pengantin (2009), have been analyzed with qualitative textual analysis. This study finds that the female body is commodified in the movies through the costumes that show clearly their sexy bodies, the actions and gestures that demonstrate their seductive lust, and the setting of scenes that emphasize their sexual desires. These representations are closely related with the producers backgrounds and track records in the way that they are used to producing horror movies that mostly using sexy woman as lead actress. Keywords: representation, commodification, Indonesian horror movies, female body.
  • Article

    Mediating Indonesian Islamic Center in the Era of Post-Islamism

    Authors
    Hidayaturrahman, Purnama; Dhona, Holy Rafika
    Part of
    Asian Journal of Media and Communication, 2020-04, Vol.4 (1)
    Abstract
    • Islamic centers emerged when Muslims in the West had difficulties to build a mosque. As a majority, Indonesian Muslim communities do not need to adopt the concept of Western Islamic Center.  Nevertheless, establishing Islamic Center is quite popular among Indonesian Muslims. This paper argues that the establishment of Islamic Center is a practice of post-Islamism in Indonesia, in which Islam is interpreted in a specific way that juxtaposes religiosity and leisure, mixes between ‘the sacred’ and ‘the profane’. Taking the Mataram Islamic Center as a case study, this study explores how discourse of the Islamic Center shapes its establishment. Applying critical discourse analysis, this study takes several units of analysis, i.e. the mediation practices of the center and the visiting practices of the visitors. This study finds that there are two prominent discourses, namely the center as a religious space and the center as a tourist space, both of which do not defeat each other. Keywords: Islamic center, critical discourse analysis, post-Islamism, space mediation.

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