This project explores how quotidian images and objects shaped the contested ideals of cultural hegemony and resistance that motivated slave rebellions in the Atlantic world. Taking as its case study the crisis launched by a wave of maroon communities and slave rebellions in the northeastern Brazilian province of Bahia between 1760 and 1835, this project argues that a range of visual culture, including military cartography, illustrations of daily life in travel narratives, Catholic baroque sculpture, and African-Atlantic religious assemblages all collectively shaped the diverse and contested ideals of racial and political autonomy, African cultural resistance, and hegemony that motivated slave rebellions in the Atlantic world. This argument emerges through close examination of a wide range of previously unstudied late eighteenth and nineteenth century Brazilian visual media, placed in conversation with judicial and personal accounts of slave rebellion that characterize Bahia at this time. Departing from a history of analyzing the visual culture of Brazilian slavery as a documentary source, this project utilizes a rich corpus of materials to argue that Bahia's slave rebellions were centrally motivated, waged, and suppressed through the politics of visual representation.