Introduction : Italy's difficult modernization / John A. Davis -- From the French Revolution to Napoleon / Alexander Grab -- The age of Restoration / David Laven -- Giuseppe Mazzini and his opponents / Roland Sarti -- Cavour and Piedmont / Anthony Cardoza -- Garibaldi and the South / Lucy Riall -- Politics in the era of Depretis and Crispi, 1870-96 / Christopher Duggan -- Religion and society, 1789-1892 / David L. Kertzer -- Culture and society, 1796-1896 / Raymond Grew -- Economy, society, and the state / John A. Davis