The Breakdown of Roman Unity -- The Carolingian Epoch -- The Practice of International Relations in the Early Middle Ages -- The West: From the Breakup of the Carolingian Empire to the First Triumph of the Papacy -- The Byzantine World and the Islamic World: Their Contacts with the Western World from the Beginning of the Tenth to the Beginning of the Twelfth Century -- The Practice of International Relations in the Tenth, Eleventh, and Twelfth Centuries -- The Era of Theocracy and French Hegemony -- The Easy in the Thirteenth and at the Beginning of the Fourteenth Century -- The Great Depression -- The Decline of the Middle Ages and the Dawn of the Modern Era -- The Practice of International Relations in the Last Three Centuries of the Middle Ages