The beginnings -- Mesopotamia -- Greek medicine -- Rome -- The Middle Ages -- The Renaissance -- Pestilence in the Renaissance -- The age of Vesalius -- The Harvey era -- The age of Newton -- The microscope and Leeuwenhoek -- The meeting of biology and chemistry -- Ray and the emergence of cell theory -- The age of Linnaeus and the Enlightenment -- Lamarck and his system -- The rise of paleontology -- Biology in the Victorian era -- Darwin and his age -- Embryology and biochemistry in the Darwinian era -- The age of Pasteur and the development of the microscope -- Biology in the twentieth century -- T.H. Morgan and the rise of genetics -- On the trail of DNA -- Evolution and genetic engineering