Abstract -- I. Introduction -- II. Understanding Make-Believe Stipulations -- III. Adjusting Pretend Actions to a Make-Believe Identity -- IV. Understanding Make-Believe Transformations -- V. Describing Make-Believe Transformations -- VI. Review of Results -- VII. A Theoretical Model -- Commentary: Understanding Pretense as Pretense / Henry M. Wellman and Anne K. Hickling -- Reply: The Right Attitude? / Paul L. Harris and Robert D. Kavanaugh