Cover -- The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought -- Contents -- Introduction -- The Islamic World Today in Historical Perspective -- The Evolution of Islamic Political Thought -- Rudimentary Foundations of Islamic Political Thought (from Muhammad to 750) -- Islamic Political Thought in the Early Middle Ages (750-1055) -- Islamic Political Thought in the High Middle Ages (1055-1258) -- Islamic Political Thought in the Late Middle Ages (1258-1500) -- Islamic Political Thought in the Early Modern Period (1500-1800) -- Islamic Political Thought in the Later Modern Period (from 1800 to the Present) -- The Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought (EIPT) -- Alphabetical List of Entries -- Topical List of Entries -- Contributors -- The Muslim World in 2010: Cultural Blocks and Populations -- The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought -- A -- 'Abbas I (1571-1629) -- Abbasids (750-1258) -- 'Abd al-Hamidal-Katib b. Yahya al-'Amiri (d. 750) -- 'Abd al-Qadiral-Jaza'iri (1808-83) -- 'Abd al-Rahman,'Umar (b. 1938) -- 'Abd al-Raziq,'Ali (1887-1966) -- abdication -- 'Abduh, Muhammad (1849-1905) -- Abdülhamid II (1842-1918) -- abodes of Islam, war, and truce -- absolutism -- Abu Bakr (ca. 573-634) -- Abu Hanifa (699-767) -- Abu Yusuf (ca. 731-98) -- advice -- Advice-to-Kings -- al-Afghani, Jamal al-Din (1838-97) -- Afghanistan -- 'Aflaq, Michel (1910-89) -- Africa -- Aga Khan -- Ahmad, Israr (1932-2010) -- Ahmad b. Hanbal (780-855) -- Ahmadis -- Ahmad Sirhindi (1564-1624) -- 'A'isha (ca. 614-78) -- Akbar the Great (1542-1605) -- 'Alawis -- Algeria -- 'Ali b. Abi Talib (ca. 599-661) -- Aligarh -- alliances -- Almohads (1130-1269) -- Almoravids (1056-1147) -- Amal -- anarchism -- apartheid -- apocalypse -- apostasy -- Arab nationalism -- Arafat, Yasir (1929-2004) -- arbitration -- Ash'aris -- 'Ashura' -- Asia -- astrology -- asylum
Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal (1881-1938) -- Aurangzeb (1618-1707) -- authority -- ayatollah -- Ayyubids (1169-1250) -- Azhar University -- B -- Babur, Zahir al-Din (1483-1530) -- Baghdad -- Bangladesh -- al-Banna, Hasan (1906-49) -- Barelwis -- Ba'th Party -- bazaar -- Beirut -- Berbers -- Bin Laden, Osama (1957-2011) -- blasphemy -- Brethren of Purity -- brotherhoods -- bureaucracy -- Buyids (945-1062) -- C -- Cairo -- caliph, caliphate -- capitalism -- censorship -- Central Asia -- charity -- China -- chivalry -- Christian-Muslim relations -- citizenship -- city -- city (philosophical) -- civil society -- civil war -- clients -- coinage -- collective obligations -- colonialism -- commanding right and forbidding wrong -- communism -- community -- Companions of the Prophet -- consensus -- constitutionalism -- Constitution of Medina -- consultation -- contracts -- conversion -- coup d'état -- Crusades -- culture -- custom -- D -- Dan Fodio, Usman (1754-1817) -- Dawani, Jalal al-Din (1427-1502) -- Delhi -- Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526) -- democracy -- demographics -- Deobandis -- difference of opinion -- diplomacy -- dissent, opposition, resistance -- dissimulation -- division of labor -- Druze -- E -- East Africa -- economic theory -- education -- Egypt -- elections -- endowment -- environment -- equality -- ethics -- Ethiopia and Eritrea -- ethnicity -- Europe -- excommunication -- exegesis -- F -- Fadlallah, Muhammad Husayn (1935-2010) -- faith -- family -- al-Farabi, Abu Nasr (ca. 878-950) -- Faraj, Muhammad 'Abd al-Salam (1954-82) -- Fatimids (909-1171) -- fatwa -- freedom -- free will -- Friday prayer -- friendship -- fundamentalism -- G -- al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya -- genealogy -- Ghazali (ca. 1058-1111) -- ghāzī -- Ghaznavids (977-1086) -- Ghurids (1009-1215) -- globalization -- God -- governance -- government -- grievance -- guardianship of the jurist
guilds -- H -- hadith -- Hakim bi-Amr Allah (985-1021) -- Hamas -- Hasan b. 'Ali (ca. 624-70) -- heresiography -- heresy and innovation -- hijra -- Hizbullah -- holy places -- honor -- household -- human nature -- human rights -- Husayn b. 'Ali (626-80) -- hypocrisy -- I -- Ibadis -- Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad (1703-92) -- Ibn al-Muqaffa' (ca. 720-56) -- Ibn Bajja (d. 1139) -- Ibn Hazm (994-1064) -- Ibn Jama'a (1241-1333) -- Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406) -- Ibn Rushd (1126-98) -- Ibn Sina, Abu 'Ali (980-1037) -- Ibn Taymiyya (1263-1328) -- Ibn Tufayl (ca. 1105-85) -- Ibn Tumart (ca. 1080-1130) -- ideology -- ijtihād and taqlīd -- Ikhwan al-Safa' -- Ilkhanids (1256-1336) -- imamate -- imperialism -- India -- individualism -- Indonesia -- inquisition -- intercession -- international Islamic organizations -- international relations -- Iqbal, Muhammad (1877-1938) -- Iran -- Iraq -- Islamic Jihad -- Islamization -- Isma'il I (1487-1524) -- Isma'ilis -- Istanbul -- J -- Ja'far al-Sadiq (702-65) -- jāhiliyya -- Jalal Al-iAhmad (1923-69) -- Jama'at-i Islami -- Jerusalem -- jihad -- Jinnah, Mohammad 'Ali (1876-1948) -- jizya -- Jordan -- judge -- judicial courts -- jurisprudence -- justice -- K -- Kadızadeli -- Karbala -- Karramis -- Kharijis -- Khilafat movement (1919-24) -- Khomeini, Ayatollah (1902-89) -- Khunji, Fazl Allah b. Ruzbihan (1455-1521) -- kinship -- knowledge -- L -- leadership -- Lebanon -- liberalism -- liberation theology -- libertarianism -- loyalty -- M -- madrasa -- Mahdi -- Mahdi of the Sudan (1844-85) -- Malaysia -- Malcolm X (1925-65) -- Malik b. Anas (712-95) -- Mamluks (1250-1517) -- Ma'mun (786-833) -- martyrdom -- masses -- Mawardi (974-1058) -- Mawdudi, Abu al-A'la (1903-79) -- mawlid -- Mecca and Medina -- media -- messianism -- military -- minorities -- minorities, jurisprudence of -- Mir Damad (1561-1631) -- Mirrors for Princes
modernism -- modernity -- Mohammed, W. D. (1933-2008) -- monarchy -- Mongols -- Morocco -- mosque -- Mu'awiya (602-80) -- mufti/grand mufti -- Mughals (1526-1857) -- Muhammad (570-632) -- Muhammad, Elijah (1897-1975) -- Muhammad 'Ali (1769-1849) -- mujahidin -- Mulla Sadra (ca. 1572-1640) -- Mulla 'Umar (b. 1959) -- Murji'is -- Muslim Brotherhood -- Muslim League -- Mu'tazilis -- N -- Nasser, Gamal Abdel (1918-70) -- nationalism -- Nation of Islam -- nation-state -- natural law -- Nazim Hikmet (1902-63) -- Nigeria -- Nizam al-Mulk (1018-92) -- Nizamiyya -- Nizaris -- nonviolence -- North Africa -- North America -- notables -- O -- oath of allegiance -- obedience -- Ottomans (1299-1924) -- P -- Pakistan -- Palestine -- Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) -- Pan-Islamism -- Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) -- parliament -- patrimonial state -- patronage -- People of the Book -- philosopher-king -- philosophy -- piety and asceticism -- pilgrimage -- Pillars of Islam -- pluralism and tolerance -- police -- political ritual -- preaching -- privacy -- propaganda -- prophecy -- public interest -- public opinion -- public sphere -- pulpit -- punishment -- Q -- Qadaris -- Qaddafi, Mu'ammar (1942-2011) -- al-Qaeda -- Qajars (1789-1925) -- al-Qaradawi,Yusuf (b. 1926) -- al-Qarafi, Shihab al-Din (1228-85) -- Qarmatians -- quietism and activism -- Qur'an -- Quraysh -- R -- racism -- Rahman, Fazlur (1919-88) -- al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149-1209) -- rebellion -- representation -- republicanism -- revival and reform -- revolutions -- Rida, Muhammad Rashid (1865-1935) -- Rightly Guided Caliphate (632-61) -- rights -- royal court -- S -- al-Sadr, Muhammad Baqir (1935-80) -- Safavids (1501-1722) -- Sa'id Nursi (1877-1960) -- Saladin (1138-93) -- Salafis -- Samanids (819-1005) -- Saudi Arabia -- Sayyid Ahmad Khan (1817-98) -- Sayyid Qutb (1906-66) -- secularism
Seljuqs (1055-1194) -- al-Shafi'i, Muhammad b. Idris (767-820) -- shāhānshāh -- Shahnama -- Shah Waliullah (1703-62) -- Shamil (1797-1871) -- shari'a -- Shari'ati, 'Ali (1933-77) -- al-Shawkani, Muhammad b. 'Ali (1760-1834) -- al-Shaybani, Muhammad b. al-Hasan (749-805) -- shaykh, pīr -- shaykh al-Islam -- Shi'ism -- Shu'ubis -- al-siyāsaal-shar'iyya -- slavery -- socialism -- solidarity -- source of emulation -- South Africa -- Southeast Asia -- sovereignty -- Spain and Portugal (Andalus) -- succession -- Sudan -- Sufism -- al-Suhrawardi, Abu Hafs 'Umar (ca. 1145-1234) -- suicide -- Süleiman the Magnificent (1494-1566) -- sultan -- sunna -- Sunnism -- Syria -- T -- Tablighi Jama'at -- Taha, Mahmoud Mohamed (1909-85) -- Taliban -- Tamerlane (1336-1405) -- Tanzimat -- al-Tawhidi, Abu Hayyan (ca. 950-1023) -- taxation -- terrorism -- theocracy -- theology -- Thousand and One Nights -- Timurids (1370-1506) -- torture -- trade and commerce -- traditional political thought -- Transoxiana -- treason -- Treaty of 'Umar -- tribalism -- Tunisia -- al-Turabi, Hasan (b. 1932) -- Turkey -- al-Tusi, Nasir al-Din (1201-74) -- tyranny -- U -- Uighurs -- 'ulama' -- 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz (ca. 680-720) -- 'Umar b. al-Khattab (ca. 580-644) -- Umayyads (661-750) -- usurper -- 'Uthman b. 'Affan (ca. 579-656) -- utopia -- V -- veil -- violence -- vizier -- W -- welfare state -- West, the -- West Africa -- Westernization -- women -- Y -- Yemen -- Young Turks -- Z -- Zahiris -- al-Zawahiri, Ayman (b. 1951) -- Zaydis -- Zia-ul-Haq (1924-88) -- Index