Introduction: Towards a New History of Jews and the Sasanian Empire -- Jewish Society under Sasanian Rule: From Isolation to Integration -- Competing for Power: Jewish Elites and Sasanian Culture -- Beyond 'Tolerance': The Logics of Sasanian Violence against Jews -- Forgetting Persecution: Memory and Anti-Martyrdom in the Babylonian Talmud -- Rabbis and Fire: Navigating a Zoroastrian Empire Temples -- Kings and Religion in the Talmud and in the Imagination of Sasanian Communities -- Conclusion: The Sasanian Empire from the Perspective of the Jews