Retrieved April 12, 2024, from https://hstalks.com/bs/1486/.
Introduction--Prioritization: category A threats--Approaches to biodefense--Available vaccines--Smallpox--Vaccinia - the first vaccine--Considerations--What's needed--Anthrax--Anthrax vaccine AVA--Vaccines in advanced trials--Anthrax concerns--Plague--Plague as an agent of bioattack--Response to biodefense needs--Yersinia pestis - pathogenesis--The F1 capsule's importance in pathogenesis--Type III secretion system--Immunity to Y. pestis--Plague vaccines history--EV76 live attenuated vaccine--The optimal response to bioattack--Potentially effective responses--New plague vaccine approaches--Subunit vaccines--LcrV-F1 vaccines--Live attenuated plague vaccines--Prime-boost strategies--Mucosal prime - parenteral boost--F1 Ab responses after S. Typhi-F1 and/or F1 alone--Th1/Th2 ratios of F1 immunization regimens--The opportunity--Conclusions