Website Search
Find information on spaces, staff, and services.
Catalog Search
Books
The Migration Ecology of Birds
- Author / Creator
- Available as
- Online
Details
- Creator
- Ian Newton
- Format
- Books
- Language
- English
- Publication
-
- Second edition
- London, England : Nikki P. Levy, [2024]
- ©2024
- Physical Details
-
- 1 online resource (725 pages)
- ISBNs
- 9780128237526, 012823752X, 9780128237519
- OCLC
- on1412621450
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
- Front Cover -- The Migration Ecology of Birds -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface to the first edition -- Preface to the second edition -- 1 Introduction -- Types of bird movements -- Constraints of breeding -- Adaptations for migration -- The diversity of migration -- Difficult journeys -- Sedentary populations -- Hibernation -- Summary -- References -- 2 Methodology for migration studies -- Observations of birds on migration -- Radar studies -- Distribution studies -- Ringing -- Tracking devices -- Very High-Frequency radio-transmitters -- Satellite transmitters -- The mobile phone network -- Geolocation (Global Location Sensing or GLS logging) -- Passive Integrated Transponders tags -- Other sensors -- Effects of tags -- Storage of data -- Future developments -- Isotopes and other internal markers -- Research on captive birds -- Wind tunnels -- Breeding programmes -- Mathematical models -- Concluding remarks -- Summary -- References -- 1 The migratory process -- 3 Migratory flight -- Body weight, speed and flight mode -- Wing shape -- Power requirements in relation to body weight -- Effects of migratory fattening -- Ascending -- Descending -- Effects of wind conditions -- Cutting the costs of flight -- Consequences of flapping and soaring flight -- The high performance of some migrating waders -- The role of body size in bird migration -- Migration by walking or swimming -- Social factors -- Rest and sleep -- Concluding remarks -- Summary -- References -- 4 Weather and migration -- Importance of wind -- Correction for drift -- Detection of drift -- Recent developments -- Low level flight -- Soaring species -- Global wind patterns and migration routes -- Altitude of migration -- Changes in conditions with altitude -- Consequences of high-altitude flight -- Diurnal and nocturnal flight -- Reverse migration -- Detours -- Summary
- References -- 5 Fuelling migration -- Energy needs and body composition -- Costs and benefits of body reserves -- Water balance and thermoregulation -- Migration strategies -- Alternative strategies -- Mechanisms of fuel deposition -- Increased feeding rates and feeding times -- Change of diet -- Changes in gut structure and digestive capacity -- Digestive limitations -- Reducing expenditure -- Relative contributions -- Daily rates of weight gain -- Changes in body composition -- Body reserves for survival and breeding -- Concluding remarks -- Summary -- Appendix 5.1 Calculation of flight ranges -- References -- 6 Amazing journeys -- Ocean-crossings by landbirds -- Desert crossings -- Trans-Saharan flights -- Physiological constraints -- Asian deserts and mountains -- North American deserts -- High mountains -- Ice fields -- Other remarkable migrations -- Concluding remarks -- Summary -- References -- 7 Raptors and other soaring birds -- Major routes -- The trans-American flyway -- The Western European-West African flyway -- The Eurasian-East African flyway -- The East Asian Continental flyway -- The East Asian-Oceanic flyway -- Some general points -- Loop migrations -- Use of thermals and other updrafts -- Water crossings -- Extension of migration as a consequence of soaring -- Timing and food supplies -- Multiple wintering areas -- Social factors -- Numbers entering Africa -- Numbers entering Central and South America -- Feeding and energy reserves -- Summary -- References -- 8 Seabird movements -- The marine environment -- Winds and seabird movements -- Migration patterns -- Direct migrations from breeding areas to lower latitudes -- Direct trans-equatorial migrations -- Figure-8 trans-equatorial migrations -- Dispersive migrations -- Migrations to higher latitudes in winter -- Migrations to east or west -- Circumpolar migrations
- Migratory stopovers -- Long-distance foraging trips -- The pre-laying exodus -- Foraging flights during incubation and chick care -- Fattening of chicks -- Pre-breeding years -- Navigational achievements -- Conclusions -- Summary -- References -- 9 Speed and duration of migratory journeys -- Theoretical basis -- Getting around the problems -- Measures of migration speed -- Migration speeds from individual ring recoveries -- Average migration speeds from population-based ring recoveries -- Migration speeds from tracked birds -- Seabird migrations -- Proportion of migration spent in flight -- Penguins -- Migration and geographical range -- Concluding remarks -- Summary -- References -- 10 Finding the way: senses, displacements and social influences -- Sensory systems -- Orientation and navigation -- Displacement experiments -- Other evidence for inherited directional preferences -- Return of displaced adults to breeding sites -- Return of displaced birds to wintering sites -- Further comments on displacement experiments -- Uncertainties over juveniles -- Convergence of migration routes -- Social influences -- Re-establishment of migration routes -- Summary -- References -- 11 Finding the way: orientation and navigation -- Visual landmarks -- The sun and polarized light -- Evidence that birds use the sun as a compass -- The sun and navigation -- Evidence that birds use polarized light as a compass -- The stars -- The stars and navigation -- Integrated use of celestial cues -- The magnetic field -- Evidence for use of the magnetic field -- Magnetic navigation -- Pelagic seabirds -- Response to specific areas (location cues) -- Magnetic cues and vagrancy -- Odours -- Infrasound and pressure changes -- Cue conflicts -- Conclusions on cue-conflicts and recalibration -- Problems at high latitudes -- Problems at low latitudes -- Rhumblines and great circles
- Dispersive migration -- Concluding remarks -- Genetically encoded spatial information -- Summary -- References -- 2 The timing and control of migration -- 12 Annual cycles -- Variations in annual cycles -- Split migrations -- Other movements -- Geographical and other variations within species -- Relationship between moult and migration -- Breeding seasons split by migration -- Sex and age differences -- Exceptions to general patterns -- Concluding comments on annual cycles -- Non-annual cycles -- Domino effects, catch-ups and delays -- Internal time keeping -- Importance of daylength -- Endogenous rhythms in migrants -- Geographical variation in photoperiodic responses -- Equatorial birds -- Flexible cycles -- Summary -- References -- 13 Migratory control mechanisms -- Obligate and facultative migration -- Role of dominance in facultative migrants -- Migration timing, distances and directions -- Time-distance programmes -- Directional preferences -- Integration of time-distance and direction programmes -- Role of experience -- Migratory fattening and restlessness -- Diurnal patterns -- Autumn migration -- Split migrations -- Relationship between breeding, moult and autumn migration -- Spring migration -- Spread and consistency in spring departure dates within populations -- Different populations of a species wintering in the same area -- Return migration from variable wintering areas -- Relationship between the internal rhythm and prevailing daylength -- Relationship between spring arrival, breeding and autumn departure -- Deferred return to breeding areas -- Concluding remarks -- Summary -- References -- 14 Stopover ecology -- Breaking the journey -- Important re-fuelling areas -- Resuming the journey -- Change in the diurnal cycle -- Weather and other factors influencing departure -- Other findings -- Age and sex effects -- Conclusions -- Summary
- References -- 3 Large-scale movement patterns -- 15 Seasonal reoccupation of breeding and wintering areas -- Latitudinal trend in the timing of spring -- Species differences in spring migration dates -- Recolonisation patterns -- Patterns within species -- Duration of residence -- Annual variations in spring migration dates -- Evidence on migration timing from the field -- Reoccupation of local breeding areas -- Settlement on territories -- Components of early migration -- Withdrawal from breeding areas -- Competition for winter habitat -- Winter movements -- Concluding remarks -- Summary -- References -- 16 Geographical patterns in migration -- Latitudinal trends -- Migration and diet -- Causes of latitudinal trend -- Distributional shifts -- Trends within species -- Altitudinal shifts -- Ecological niches -- Comparisons between hemispheres -- Populations in both hemispheres -- Relationship between breeding and wintering areas -- Patterns in distribution -- Comparison of sizes of breeding and wintering areas -- Migration within the southern continents -- Africa -- South America -- Australasia -- Concluding remarks -- Summary -- References -- 17 Variations on a migratory theme -- Moult migrations -- Moult migration as originally defined -- Altitudinal moult migrations -- Moult at staging sites on autumn migration -- Movements within the breeding season -- Movements within the non-breeding season -- Facultative movements in relation to food supply -- Facultative movements in relation to weather -- Overview -- Opposite-direction migrations -- Nomadism -- Desert wetlands -- Irruptive movements away from deserts -- Concluding remarks -- Summary -- References -- 18 Sex and age differences in migration -- Arrival in breeding areas -- How does one sex achieve an earlier arrival than the other? -- Age differences in arrival dates
- Departure from breeding areas