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Handbook on Public and Private Security
- Author / Creator
- Available as
- Online
Details
- Format
- Books
- Language
- English
- Contributors
- Publication
-
- 1st ed
- Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2023
- ©2023
- Physical Details
-
- 1 online resource (412 pages)
- ISBNs
- 9783031424069, 3031424069, 9783031424052
- Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- List of Editors and Contributors -- Editors -- Contributors -- An Overview of Private Security and Policing in the United States -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Recent Trends -- 3 The US Investigative Services Industry -- 4 The US Guard Services Industry -- 5 Private Security Guards and Crime -- 6 The Relationship Between Police and Private Security -- 7 Discussion -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Part I: General Security Issues -- Allocating Police and Security: Comparing Public and Private Processes and Consequences -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Is Policing a Private Good, Public Good, or Something Else? -- 2.1 What Else Do Police Do? -- 2.2 What About Policing (and Security) Services That Actually Are Non-rivalrous and Non-excludable? -- 2.3 Rivalrous Use of Policing -- 2.4 Excludability and Police Services -- 3 Rationing Public Police -- 3.1 Politics, Legislation and Police Rationing -- 3.2 Interest Group Strategies by Police -- 3.3 Rationing by Time or Merit: Excess Demand and Police Discretion -- 3.4 Will Increase Budgets Solve the Problems of Excess Demand and Police Discretion? -- 3.5 Police Discretion and Discrimination -- 3.6 Discretion and Police Abuse -- 3.7 Barriers to Disciplining Police for Abuse: Unions, Qualified Immunity, and Indemnification -- 4 Allocation of Private Security and Resulting Behavior -- 4.1 Private Investigation and Pursuit -- 4.2 Abuse by Suppliers of Private Crime Control -- 4.3 Political Interference in Markets for Private Security -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Public Space Crime Prevention Partnerships: Reviewing the Evidence -- 1 Background: Public-Private Partnerships & -- Crime Theories -- 1.1 Types of Police/Private Security Collaboration -- 1.2 Crime Prevention Theory and the Security Industry -- 2 Police and Security Foot Patrols -- 3 Business Improvement Districts
- 4 Evaluated Intervention Case Studies -- 5 Best Practice Principles -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Australian Public and Private Crime Prevention Partnerships in Cyberspace -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Modern Phenomenon of Cybercrime -- 3 Policing Cybercrime -- 4 The Specialist Private Sector in Cybercrime Prevention -- 4.1 Digital Imaging and Other Surveillance Tools -- 4.2 Metadata Retention -- 5 Concerns about Public/Private Partnerships -- 6 The Right Balance -- 7 Co-opting Private Sector Prevention -- 7.1 Legislation -- 7.2 Case Study: Project Sunbird -- 8 What Is to Be Done? -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Private Security Confounds Estimates of Public Police and Crime -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data -- 3 Models -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Descriptive -- 4.1.1 Property Crime -- 4.1.2 Violent Crime -- 4.2 An Attempt at Causal Estimates -- 4.2.1 Method and Data -- 4.2.2 Not Holding Private Security Constant -- 4.2.3 Association Between COPS Grants and Private Security -- 4.2.4 Public Security and Crime, Holding Private Security Constant -- 5 Conclusion -- Appendix -- A. Additional Tables and Figures (Tables A.1 and A.2) -- B. COPS Replication Data -- Recovering Data -- COPS Summary Statistics -- Matching to UCR and IPUMS -- References -- Public-Private Security Partnerships. Can They Meet the Growing Challenges of Law Enforcement? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sources of California City Powers and the Lakewood Plan -- 3 The "Lakewood Plan" and California Law on "Contracting" -- 4 Who Is a Peace Officer? -- 5 Who Is a Private Security Guard or Officer? -- 6 Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) Examples of "On-Duty" "Off-Duty" "In Uniform" "Out of Uniform" -- 7 The Private Security Field Is Highly Regulated -- 8 The Critical Requirement of Training -- 9 The Collaboration Necessary Between Peace Officers and Private Actors
- 10 The Los Angeles County Teen Court Program -- 11 Mental Health and Response Team (MHART) Programs Are Launched at Universities -- 12 Conclusion -- Appendix A: Memorandum of Understanding Between the City of Torrance and the City of Rolling Hills Estates (ALPR Cameras) -- Exhibit A to Appendix A -- Exhibit B to Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Part II: National Case Studies -- The COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Impact on Public-Private Partnership in Policing: Experiences from Within the Belgian and Dutch Security Industry -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Methodology -- 1.2 Structure -- 2 Private Security in Belgium and the Netherlands -- 3 Public-Private Partnerships in the Field of Policing -- 3.1 Definition -- 3.2 Public-Private Partnerships in Policing -- 4 Policing the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results -- 4.1 The COVID-19 Pandemic: Background -- 4.2 Impact of COVID-19 on the Private Security Sector -- 4.3 Case Study: Private Sector Involvement in the Protection of Vaccination Centers -- 5 Challenges and Requirements: Some Policy Recommendations -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Incorporating Non-state Security Actors into Public Security: Mexico's Failed Experiment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Watchmen Emerge -- 3 Official Incorporation: But Only Partially -- 4 Centralization -- 5 The Policía Auxiliar and Mexico City's Security Landscape Today -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- The Substitutability and Complementarity of Private Security with Public Police: The Case of Violence Against Women and Girls in the Rail Network of the United Kingdom -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Targeting VAWG Hotspots -- 2.1 A Tested Intervention: The Southwest Trains Experiment -- 3 Managing Habitual VAWG Offenders -- 3.1 A Tested Intervention: Focused Deterrence -- 4 Enhanced Service for Victims of VAWG -- 4.1 A Tested Intervention: Reassurance Calls Backs to Victims
- 5 Conclusions and Policy Implications -- References -- Working with Private Policing to Enhance Public Policing: The Case of the United Kingdom -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Public Private Partnerships in Policing -- 2.1 State Facilitation -- 2.2 State Delegation -- 2.3 State Reinforcement -- 3 Evaluating the Private Contribution to Policing -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: City and Maritime Security Experiences -- Private Law Enforcement in New York City -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sea Gate Police Department -- 3 Parkchester Department of Public Safety -- 4 Co-op City Public Safety Department -- 5 Hunts Point Department of Public Safety -- 6 Shomrim Volunteer Security -- 7 Roosevelt Island Public Safety Department -- 8 Battery Park City -- 9 Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company Special Police -- 10 Summary and Discussion -- References -- Private Security and Deterrence -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Police and Deterrence -- 3 Value of Police -- 4 Private Police as an Alternative -- 5 Private Security Guards as an Alternative -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- How to Fight Crime by Improving Police Services: Evidence from the French Quarter Task Force -- 1 Introduction -- 2 French Quarter Task Force: Background -- 3 Empirical Identification -- 4 Data -- 5 Results -- 5.1 Event Study -- 5.2 Main Estimates -- 5.3 Additional Checks -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Public Security Enhances the Effectiveness of Private Security in Reducing Maritime Piracy Harm -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 Safe Havens as a Result of Ineffective Governance Serve as Incubators for Illicit Non-state Actors -- 2.2 Maritime Havens and Piracy -- 2.2.1 The Additional Impact of Maritime Piracy on Other Categories of Violent Conflict -- 3 Data -- 3.1 Piracy -- 3.2 Private Security -- 3.3 Public Security -- 3.4 Summary Statistics -- 4 Method -- 5 Results -- 5.1 On-Board Private Security
- 5.2 Heterogeneous Moderation Effects of Public Security -- 6 Discussion -- Appendix: Additional Tables and Figures (Fig. 1, Table 6) -- The Empirical Relationship Between Patrol Vessels (Public Maritime Security) and Military Expenditure (Figs. 2 and 3) -- References -- Part IV: Police and Private Security Perspectives -- What We've Learned: Lessons from the World's Leading Security Companies on Partnerships and Privatization -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Evolving Relationships -- 3 Case Study: Beverly Hills, California (USA) -- 4 Capturing Benefits -- 5 Leadership -- 6 Regulation -- 7 Planning -- 8 Insight -- 9 Reputation -- 10 Management -- 11 Principles -- 12 Quality -- 13 Due Diligence -- 14 Safety -- 15 Training -- 16 Clarity -- 17 Oversight -- 18 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Improving Public Safety Through Law Enforcement and Private Security Partnerships -- 1 In This Chapter -- 2 Partnership as a Public Safety Multiplier -- 2.1 Misconceptions and Benefits -- 2.2 Government Buildings and Sites -- 2.3 Healthcare -- 2.4 Schools: From K12 to Higher Ed -- 2.5 Business Improvement Districts -- 2.6 Public Transit -- 2.7 Aviation -- 2.8 Port Protection -- 2.9 Disaster Recovery -- 2.10 Additional Innovative Collaborations -- 3 Real-World Considerations and Challenges -- 3.1 Jurisdictional Considerations -- 3.2 Liability Issues -- 3.3 Training, Firearms, and Unions -- 3.4 Public Policy and Community Issues -- 3.5 Contracting Considerations -- 3.6 Budget Considerations -- 3.7 The Need for Collaboration -- 4 Utilizing Liaison Organizations -- 4.1 ASIS International's Law Enforcement Liaison Council (LELC) -- 4.2 International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) Private Sector Liaison Committee -- 4.3 International Downtown Association (IDA) -- 4.4 The National League of Cities (NLC) -- 5 Making it Happen -- 5.1 Clear Communication at the Outset
- 6 Summary: The Public Safety Multiplier