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Governments' responses to the Covid-19 pandemic in Europe : navigating the perfect storm
- Available as
- Online
Details
- Creator
- Kennet Lynggaard, Mads Dagnis Jensen, Michael F. Kluth, editors
- Format
- Books
- Language
- English
- Publication
-
- Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan, [2023]
- ©2023
- Physical Details
-
- 1 online resource (468 pages)
- ISBNs
- 9783031141454, 3031141458, 9783031141447
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
- Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- 1 Covid-19 Hit Europe: Patterns of Government Responses to the Pandemic -- Introduction -- Government Responses to Crisis: The What and How -- To What Are Governments Responding? -- How Are Governments Responding? -- Government Responses to Covid-19 -- Southern, Eastern, Northern and Western Country Groupings -- Patterns of Governance, Politicisation/Depoliticisation and Policy Responses -- Patterns of Governance -- Politicisation/Depoliticisation -- Policy Responses -- Compound Comparative Research Design and Mixed Methods -- Structure of the Book -- References -- Part I The Southern Grouping -- 2 Introducing the Southern Grouping -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicizationand Politicization -- Policy Responses -- References -- 3 Italy: Contested Centralisation Amid Political Uncertainty -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicisation and Politicisation -- Policy Responses -- Authority: Containment Policy -- Nodality and Organisation: Health Policy -- Treasurer: Economic Policy -- Conclusions -- References -- 4 Spain: Temporary Centralization Amidst Political Polarization -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance: From Centralization to Dispersion -- Between Governmental De-Politicization and Oppositional Politicization -- Policy Responses: Fighting the Pandemic While Limiting Its Economic Impact -- Conclusions -- References -- 5 Greece: Command and Control Combined with Expert-Driven Responses? -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicisation and Politicisation -- Policy Responses -- Containment Measures -- Economic Measures -- Organisational Changes -- Conclusions -- References -- 6 Portugal: From Exception to the Epicentre -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance
- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- Conclusions -- References -- 7 Cyprus: Exacerbating Authoritarianism -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance: Democratic Deficits During the Pandemic -- Between De-politicisationand Politicisation: Political Consensus Vs. Social Dissent -- Policy Responses: Power Concentration and Authoritarian Containment -- Conclusions -- References -- 8 Malta: The Benefits of Centralised Politics -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicisation and Politicisation -- Policy Responses -- Conclusions -- References -- Part II The Eastern Grouping -- 9 Introducing the Eastern Grouping -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- References -- 10 Poland: The "Cardboard State" Versus the Virus -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance: A Struggle to Balance the One-party Rule -- Politicizing the Virus -- Policy Responses: Too Little, Too Late and with a Whiff of Illicitness -- Conclusions -- References -- 11 Romania: Inconsistent and Unpredictable Policy Implementation -- Introduction -- Dilution of Patterns of Governance -- Exacerbated Politicization -- Policy Responses and Medical Focus -- Conclusions -- References -- 12 Czech Republic: Best or Worst in Covid Country? -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- Conclusions -- References -- 13 Hungary: Populist Government Politics -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- Conclusions -- References -- 14 Bulgaria: Swift Early Response by the Executive, Followed by a Complete Governance Failure -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Increasing Societal Discontent, but Limited Politicization
- Policy Responses: The Limits of Authority-based Tools -- Containment Measures -- Health Care -- Economy -- Conclusions -- References -- 15 Slovakia: Anti-Pandemic Fight Victim of Politicization -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- First Wave -- Second Wave -- Role of Non-Political Actors -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- First Comes the Shock -- Nationwide Testing -- Policy Responses -- Containment of the Pandemic -- Health Policies -- Economic Policies -- Active Fight Against Pandemic -- Conclusions -- References -- 16 Croatia: Breaking Fragile Trust -- Introduction -- Arrays and Disarrays of Croatian Governance -- Increasing Politicisation -- Policy Responses -- "Treasurer" Tools: Economic Incentives -- "Authority" Tools: Social Measures and Further Normative Response -- Conclusions -- References -- 17 Lithuania: Executive Dominance in the Context of Usual Confrontational Politics -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance: The Dominance of the Executive -- Between De-Politicisation and Politicisation: Persistence of Conflictual Politics -- Policy Responses: Extensive use of Information, Law and Money, yet Limited by Capacity -- Conclusions -- References -- 18 Slovenia: Ripe for Autocratisation -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Politics and Politicisation -- Policy Responses -- Containment Policy -- Health Policy -- Economic Policy -- Conclusions -- References -- 19 Latvia: From Hubris to Nemesis -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between Depoliticization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- Conclusions -- References -- 20 Estonia: Empowering the Executive -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- Conclusions -- References -- Part III The Northern Grouping -- 21 Introducing the Northern Grouping -- Patterns of Governance
- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- References -- 22 Sweden: A Decentralized, Coordinated Response to the Pandemic -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- Containment Policy -- Health Policy -- Economic Policy -- Conclusions -- References -- 23 Denmark: Executive Power Concentration, Yet Still Consensus-Oriented -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance: Executive Dominance and Expert Dissent -- Between De-Politicisation and Politicisation -- Policy Responses -- Conclusions -- References -- 24 Finland: Balancing Centralized Leadership and Regional Interests -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance: Centralized Leadership -- Increasing Politicization -- From National to Regional Anti-Pandemic Policy Response -- Conclusions -- References -- 25 Norway: A Pragmatic, Collaborative, and Legitimate Response -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance: Challenged but Resilient -- Crisis Depoliticization -- Policy Responses: Partial Lockdown Followed by a Pragmatic Strategy -- Conclusions -- References -- 26 Iceland: Heeding the Experts -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- Conclusions -- References -- Part IV The Western Grouping -- 27 Introducing the Western Grouping -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- References -- 28 Germany: Governance via Federal-State Conferences -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance: Intergovernmental Relationships between Competition, Coordination and Cooperation -- De-Politicisation of Federal Lockdowns and Politicisation of the Federal States' Post-Lockdown Regimes -- Periods of De-Politicisation/Politicisation -- Events and Actors Involved in De-Politicisation/Politicisation
- Policy Responses: Serious Times Call for Serious Measures -- Containment Policy -- Health Policy -- Economic Policy -- Conclusions -- References -- 29 The UK: Policy as a Game of Two Halves -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Policy Responses -- Conclusions -- References -- 30 France: From Centralization to Defiance? -- Introduction -- Governance: The Unchallenged Centralism of French Institutions -- Centralized Political Institutions -- Health Institutions: From Usual Business to Rapid Response -- The Centre and the Aligned Periphery -- The Politicization of Defiance -- Between Depoliticized Adhesion and Politicized Controversies -- The Politicized Impact of Social Defiance -- A Multi-Instrument Policy Response -- Between Information and Mandates -- Mobilizing Budgets and Capacities -- Conclusions -- References -- 31 The Netherlands: The Acceptance of an Uncontrolled Centralization of Power -- Introduction -- Patterns of Governance -- Between De-Politicization and Politicization -- Rallying Around the Flag by the Dutch Media -- The Limited Role of the Courts -- Public Support for the Covid-19 Policies -- Lobbying by Interest Groups Largely Aimed at Compensation -- An Example Showing Most Mechanisms Discussed: The Closing of Schools -- Policy Responses -- Containment Policy -- Health Policy -- Economic Policy -- Conclusions -- References -- 32 Belgium: Cooperation Out of Necessity and Confirmation of Executive Dominance -- Introduction -- Pandemic Governance Through Executive Inter-Governmental Cooperation -- Emergency Triggers Temporary De-Politicisation, but Politicisation Returns -- Policy Responses: Financial Support to Mitigate the Fall-out of Containment Policies -- Conclusions -- References -- 33 Austria: A Strong Start Followed by a Strong Descent -- Introduction
- Patterns of Governance: Business (Almost) as Usual