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Caves : processes, development, and management
- Author / Creator
- Available as
- Physical
- Summary
-
"Caves are an important and popular geological feature, of historical and cultural as well as scientific interest. Caves are formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks (such as limestone) by acidic...
"Caves are an important and popular geological feature, of historical and cultural as well as scientific interest. Caves are formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks (such as limestone) by acidic water, resulting in what is called karst topography -- cracks and fissures in rock which, over time, lead to the development of underground drainage systems, and a lack of surface water. This textbook describes caves as physical, geological, and biological phenomena: it provides explanations of how they form, what can be learnt from them, and how they can best be managed"--
Details
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- Creator
- David Shaw Gillieson
- Format
- Books
- Language
- English
- Publication
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- Second edition
- Hoboken, NJ : Wiley Blackwell, 2021
- ©2021
- Physical Details
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- xiv, 508 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 25 cm
- ISBNs
- 9781119455578, 111945557X, 9781119455592, 1119455596, 9781119455622, 1119455626, 9781119455592
- OCLC
- on1162192918
- Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
- Some basic propositions -- Now the details -- what Is a cave? -- What is karst? -- Caves as systems -- Caves as geomorphic systems -- Caves as biological systems -- Where are the deepest and longest caves? -- Basic concepts in karst drainage systems -- Porosity and permeability -- Diffuse flow -- Fissure flow -- Conduit flow -- Understanding the karst drainage system -- Zonation of the karst drainage system -- Defining the catchment of a cave -- Analysis of karst drainage systems -- Water-tracing techniques -- Spring hydrograph analysis -- Spring chemograph analysis -- Structure and function of karst drainage systems -- Storage and transfers in the karst system -- The role of extreme events -- Karst hydrology of the Mammoth Cave Plateau, Kentucky -- Karst rocks -- Limestone -- Dolomite -- Evaporite rocks-gypsum and halite -- Sandstone -- Granite -- Processes of dissolution of karst rocks -- The solution of limestone in meteoric waters -- Soil and vegetation in the limestone solution process -- The zoning of solution in the unsaturated zone -- Limestone solution in seawater -- Hydrothermal solution of limestone -- Solution of evaporites -- Solution of silicates in meteoric waters -- Caves in quaternary limestone in Southern Australia -- Classifying cave systems -- Controls of rock structure on cave development -- Role of lithology -- Role of joints, fractures, and faults -- Cave breakdown and evaporite weathering -- Meteoric speleogenesis, unconfined and Confined -- Formation of caves in plan -- Formation of caves in length and depth -- The formation of maze caves -- Tectonic and eustatic controls on cave development -- Deep shafts of the world -- Hypogene speleogenesis -- Solutional mesoforms as indicators of hypogene origin -- Condensation and corrosion in passage enlargement -- Flank margin speleogenesis -- Caves formed in gypsum -- Lava tubes, weathering caves, and pseudokarst -- The formation of lava tubes -- Weathering caves and pseudokarst -- Life history and antiquity of caves -- Geological control and the world's longest cave -- Carbonates -- Controls over carbonate mineralogy -- Other cave deposits formed by carbonate minerals -- Growth rates of speleothems -- Important non-carbonate minerals -- Evaporites (sulphates and halides) -- Phosphates and nitrates -- Oxides, silicates, and hydroxides -- Ice in caves -- Other minerals -- Cave deposits of the Nullarbor Plain, Australia -- Clastic sediment types -- Processes of sedimentation -- Gravity-fall processes -- Waterlain clastic sediments -- Cave and rockshelter entrance deposits -- Sediment transport and particle size -- Diagenesis of cave sediments -- Stratigraphy and its interpretation -- Provenance studies -- Cave sediments and environmental history at Zhoukoudian, China -- The importance of dating cave deposits -- Dating techniques and the quaternary timescale -- Palaeomagnetism -- Uranium series; uranium-thorium, uranium-lead -- Radiocarbon -- Other dating methods: cosmogenic radionuclides, and tephrochronology -- Timing glacial and interglacial events in New Zealand -- Oxygen isotope analysis -- The last glacial-interglacial temperature record -- Carbon isotopes and environmental changes -- Cyclone history in the Indo-Pacific Region -- Other proxy records (trace elements, annual laminae, pollen, lipid biomarkers) -- The long environmental history of the Nullarbor Plain, Australia -- Some speculations on the future -- Classification of cave life and its function -- Adaptations and modifications to life in darkness -- Life zones within caves -- The cave as a habitat -- Energy flows in cave ecosystems -- Cave microbiology -- Origin and dispersal of cave-dwelling animals -- Threats to cave fauna -- Conservation of biological diversity in caves -- Caves and ecosystem services -- White nose syndrome -- Unravelling the secrets of the Carrai Bat Cave -- Prehistoric uses of caves -- Cave faunas and hominids -- Cave art in context -- Depositional environments in caves -- Cave deposits and biological conservation -- Taphonomy of cave deposits -- Archaeology of Liang Bua Cave, Flores (the Hobbit Cave) -- Caves as shelter -- Caves as sacred spaces -- Caves as sources of raw materials -- Cave tourism -- Cave dwellings in Turkey -- Caves as contested spaces -- Interpretation and guide training -- Cave lighting -- Some engineering issues in caves -- Impacts of visitors and infrastructure on show caves -- Radon risk in caves -- Cave cleaning and its impacts -- Impacts of recreational caving on caves -- Cave rescue -- Cave inventories and alternative management concepts -- Rehabilitation and restoration of caves -- Cave classification and management -- Policy approaches to cave and karst protection -- Management of the Gunung Mulu World Heritage Area, Sarawak, Malaysia -- Basic concepts in karst management -- Defining karst catchments -- Vegetation and caves -- Accelerated soil loss in karst -- Agricultural impacts -- Rocky desertification -- Infilling of dolines -- Altered drainage -- Groundwater lowering -- Fertiliser and herbicides -- Pesticides -- Microbial contamination of groundwater -- Golf courses on karst -- Fire management in karst -- Conservation issues in karst -- Assessing vulnerability in karst management -- Karst disturbance index -- Karst groundwater vulnerability -- Data availability -- Understanding disputes over cave and karst resources -- The IUCN guidelines for cave and karst protection -- Geoheritage assessment -- Cave mapping -- Cave photography -- 3D scanning of caves -- Drones -- Mapping World Heritage caves in Gunung Mulu National Park, Malaysia