Transitions in North Africa : jobs are scarce : finance, food and energy, mismanaged / Francis Ghilès -- The gulf, the Maghreb and Sub-Saharan Africa: cooperation for food security? / Eckart Woertz -- Food security south of the Mediterranean : how can the European Union contribute? / Hassan Benabderrazik -- Food-processing policy reforms in the Maghreb / Omar Aloui -- From the logic of placement to the logic of intermediation : guidance and support for unemployed graduates in Tunisia in a context of crisis / Abdelwahab Ben Hafaeidh -- Youth specific policies in times of economic difficulties / Youssef Belal -- Towards an integrated energy market in the Western Mediterranean / Sohbet Karbuz -- Solar energy as an accelerator for development in North Africa / Till Stenzel -- The role of multilateral banks : towards an Euro-Mediterranean development bank? / Moulay Hafidh Amazirh -- Investments from the gulf countries in the Maghreb / Mahieddine Raoui