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Abstract: This paper revisits the long-standing issue of the incidence of. Abstract: taxes in developing countries. Its central theme is that despite many. Abstract: decades of studies, tax inciden...
Abstract: This paper revisits the long-standing issue of the incidence of.
Abstract: taxes in developing countries. Its central theme is that despite many.
Abstract: decades of studies, tax incidence analyses for developing countries.
Abstract: continue to be based upon the same shifting assumptions used in developed.
Abstract: country studies, despite some obvious pitfalls. Taxes are assumed to be.
Abstract: shifted forward to consumers, or backwards onto factor incomes, as has been.
Abstract: the case for developed country tax incidence work from Bowley and Stamp to.
Abstract: Peclunan and Okner. Developing countries typically have a much different.
Abstract: non-tax policy and regulatory environment from developed countries, i t a.
Abstract: higher protection, rationed foreign exchange, price controls, black.
Abstract: markets, credit rationing and many other features. The paper argues :::a.
Abstract: all these features can greatly complicate and even obscure the incider.ce.
Abstract: effects of taxes in developing countries. For several taxes, taking such.
Abstract: features into account can reverse signs and/or substantially revise.
Abstract: estimates of incidence effects from conventional thinking and by.
Abstract: substantial orders of magnitude. A final section sets out s orae.
Abstract: implications for country lending programs, both by type of country and.
Abstract: level of development, and c cnment;s on how the extent to which non-tax.
Abstract: policy reform has already been implemented affects the significance of the.
Abstract: points raised here.