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| LEADER | 04221cam a2200661 a 4500 | |
| 001 | 991023112942202122 | |
| 005 | 20220303213021.0 | |
| 006 | m o d | |
| 007 | cr un||||||||| | |
| 008 | 060608s1994 mau ob 000 0 eng d | |
| 035 | $a(OCoLC)70048407 | |
| 035 | $a(OCoLC)ocm70048407 | |
| 035 | $a(EXLNZ-01UWI_NETWORK)9913452221702121 | |
| 040 | $aOUN$beng$epn$cOUN$dOCLCQ$dNTE$dOCLCQ$dOCLCF$dDKDLA$dOCLCQ$dOCLCO$dOCLCQ$dNLC$dOCLCQ$dOCLCA$dWYU$dYOU$dEYM$dNBERS$dOCLCQ | |
| 043 | $an-us---$an------$an-mx---$an-cn--- | |
| 049 | $aGZMA | |
| 050 | _4 | $aH11$b.N2434x no.4790 |
| 084 | $aF13$2jelc | |
| 084 | $aQ17$2jelc | |
| 100 | 1_ | $aOrden, David. |
| 245 | 10 | $aAgricultural interest groups and the North American Free Trade Agreement /$cDavid Orden. |
| 264 | _1 | $aCambridge, MA. :$bNational Bureau of Economic Research,$c[1994] |
| 300 | $a1 online resource (73 pages) | |
| 336 | $atext$btxt$2rdacontent | |
| 337 | $acomputer$bc$2rdamedia | |
| 338 | $aonline resource$bcr$2rdacarrier | |
| 347 | $adata file$2rda | |
| 490 | 1_ | $aNBER working paper series ;$vno. 4790 |
| 500 | $a"July 1994." | |
| 504 | $aIncludes bibliographical references (pages 71-73). | |
| 588 | 0_ | $aPrint version record. |
| 520 | 8_ | $aAbstract: This paper evaluates the influence of diverse U.S. agricultural interest groups on the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Under NAFTA, licenses and quotas that restricted agricultural trade between Mexico and the United States were converted to tariffs in January 1994 and all tariffs are to be phased out over adjustment periods of up to 15 years. The agricultural provisions of the 1988 Canada-U.S. FTA, which left quantitative barriers intact for dairy, poultry and other sectors, remain in effect for bilateral Canadian- U.S. trade. NAFTA received support from export-oriented U.S. producers of most grains, oilseeds, livestock, and some horticultural products. Opposition was expressed by wheat producers, seeking leverage on Canadian export-pricing issues, and protected sugar, peanut, and winter fruit and vegetable producers. The opposition was not addressed in the side agreements negotiated by the Clinton administration but the agricultural commodity groups were able to bargain for accommodations in the subsequent legislative debate. Final concessions protect U.S. sugar from Mexican competition, provide some transition protection to winter fruits and vegetables, and ensnarl the United States in disputes about Canadian exports of wheat and peanut butter. With these concessions, NAFTA results in essentially no reform of entrenched domestic agricultural support programs in the United States (or Canada) during the lengthy tariff phase-out periods. |
| 650 | _0 | $aProduce trade$zUnited States. |
| 650 | _0 | $aAgriculture$xSocieties, etc.$xPolitical activity$zUnited States. |
| 650 | _0 | $aAgriculture and state$zUnited States$xDecision making. |
| 650 | _0 | $aFarmers$xPolitical activity$zUnited States. |
| 650 | _0 | $aFree trade$zNorth America. |
| 651 | _0 | $aUnited States$xCommerce$zMexico. |
| 651 | _0 | $aMexico$xCommerce$zUnited States. |
| 651 | _0 | $aUnited States$xCommerce$zCanada. |
| 651 | _0 | $aCanada$xCommerce$zUnited States. |
| 650 | _7 | $aAgriculture and state$xDecision making.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst00801732 |
| 650 | _7 | $aAgriculture$xSocieties, etc.$xPolitical activity.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst00801654 |
| 650 | _7 | $aCommerce.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst00869279 |
| 650 | _7 | $aFarmers$xPolitical activity.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst00921352 |
| 650 | _7 | $aFree trade.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst00933944 |
| 650 | _7 | $aProduce trade.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst01078136 |
| 651 | _7 | $aCanada.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst01204310 |
| 651 | _7 | $aMexico.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst01211700 |
| 651 | _7 | $aNorth America.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst01242475 |
| 651 | _7 | $aUnited States.$2fast$0(OCoLC)fst01204155 |
| 650 | _7 | $aAgriculture in International Trade.$2jelc |
| 650 | _7 | $aTrade Policy; International Trade Organizations.$2jelc |
| 710 | 2_ | $aNational Bureau of Economic Research. |
| 830 | _0 | $aWorking paper series (National Bureau of Economic Research) ;$vworking paper no. 4790. |
| 856 | 40 | $uhttps://www.nber.org/papers/w4790 |