Cover -- The Democratic Politics of Military Interventions: Political Parties, Contestation, and Decisions to Use Force Abroad -- Copyright -- Preface and Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1: Introduction and Plan of the Book -- 1.1 The 'Neglected Element': Political Parties and Foreign Affairs -- 1.2 Which Parties? Which Policies? -- 1.3 Plan of the Book -- Chapter 2: Democratic Politics and Foreign Affairs: A Theoretical Framework
2.1 The Normative Debate: The (In)compatibility of Democratic Politics with International Conflict and Security -- 2.2 Zooming in on the Democratic Politics of International Conflict: The Democratic Peace Debate and Beyond -- 2.2.1 Democratic Institutions -- 2.2.2 Liberal Ideas and Political Culture: Ambivalence and Diversity -- 2.3 Differences Among Democracies and Party-Political Orientation of Government -- 2.4 Conclusion -- Chapter 3: Contestation and Politicization of Security and Defence Policy -- 3.1 Contestation and Politicization -- 3.2 Methodology
3.3 Long-Term Patterns of Contestation: Congressional Voting between 1789 and 2014 -- 3.4 Foreign, Security, and Defence Policy Votes in Germany and the Netherlands -- 3.5 Deployment Votes -- 3.5.1 US Declarations of War and Authorizations to Use Force -- 3.5.2 Deployment Votes since the End of the Cold War -- 3.6 Conclusion -- Chapter 4: The Party Politics of Foreign and Security Policy -- 4.1 Why Political Parties Differ -- 4.2 How Political Parties Differ: The Left/Right and the 'New Politics' Dimensions
4.3 Dimensions of Party-Political Contestation: Evidence from Manifestos, Experts, and Parliamentary Votes -- 4.3.1 Pro or Against the Military and Security and Defence Policy: Evidence from Party Manifestos -- 4.3.2 Pro or Against Peace and Security Missions: Evidence from Expert Surveys -- 4.3.3 Pro or Against Actual Military Deployments: Evidence from Votes in Parliament -- 4.4 Conclusion -- Chapter 5: Debating Military Interventions: Party-Specific Arguments and Justifications -- 5.1 Selecting Countries and Military Missions -- 5.1.1 Selecting Missions
5.1.1.1 The Military Intervention in Afghanistan -- 5.1.1.2 Fighting Daesh in Iraq and Syria -- 5.1.2 Selecting Countries -- 5.1.2.1 United Kingdom -- 5.1.2.2 Canada -- 5.1.2.3 Germany -- 5.2 Method -- 5.3 Findings -- 5.4 Conclusion -- 5.5 Technical Appendix -- Chapter 6: Conclusions and Outlook -- 6.1 Party Politics Matters -- 6.2 Nuancing the Role of Political Parties in Foreign Affairs -- 6.3 The Democratic Politics of Foreign Affairs -- 6.4 Policy Implications -- 6.4.1 Making Space for Transnational Party Politics -- 6.4.2 The Impact of Politicization -- 6.5 Directions for Further Research