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Developing critical thinking in physics : the apprenticeship of critique
Apprentissage de la critique développer l'analyse critique en physique. English
- Author / Creator
- Available as
- Online
- Summary
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This book promotes the effective implementation and development of critical analysis in physics. It focuses on explanatory texts concerning subjects typically dealt with in secondary or higher educ...
This book promotes the effective implementation and development of critical analysis in physics. It focuses on explanatory texts concerning subjects typically dealt with in secondary or higher education and addressed in an academic or popular context. It highlights the general difficulties and obstacles inherent in teaching physics and shows how some tools can help to combine successful criticism and better understanding. The book examines the main reasons to call a text into question and looks at risk factors such as simplifications, story-like explanations and visual analogies. It takes inventory of the benefits and limits of critical analysis and discusses the complex links between conceptual mastery and critical attitude. The book ends by offering tools to activate critical thinking and ways for educators to guide students towards productive critical analysis.
Details
- Creator
- Laurence Viennot, Nicolas Décamp
- Format
- Books
- Language
- English
- Contributors
- Publication
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- Cham : Springer, 2020
- Physical Details
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- 1 online resource (145 pages)
- data file
- ISBNs
- 9783030437732, 9783030437749, 3030437736, 9783030437725, 9783030437756
- OCLC
- on1175916254
- Description based upon print version of record.
- Includes bibliographical references.
- Intro -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Why Critique? Why Physics? -- 1.1 Developing Critical Thinking: A Tradition and an Urgency -- 1.2 Why a Particular Domain of Knowledge? -- 1.3 Why Physics? -- 1.4 Educating Teachers on Critical Analysis -- 1.5 Structure of the Book -- References -- Chapter 2: Main Reasons to Call a Text into Question -- 2.1 Internal Contradiction -- 2.2 Direct Contradiction of a Law -- 2.3 Indirect Contradiction of a Law -- 2.4 The Logical Incompleteness of an Explanation -- 2.5 What Is Shown by Experiments: Over-Generalisation?
- 2.6 When a Line of Reasoning and the Result of a Thought Experiment Are Incompatible -- 2.7 When an Experiment Should Have Been Performed -- 2.8 A Multiple Diagnosis for Useful Calls into Question -- References -- Chapter 3: Risk Factors -- 3.1 Two Aggravating Circumstances -- 3.1.1 The "Exactness" of the Conclusion -- 3.1.2 Echo-Explanations -- 3.2 Simplifications -- 3.2.1 Designation of Entities: Not Always Conform to Accepted Physics -- 3.2.2 All or Nothing -- 3.2.3 "Small" Assimilated to "Zero" -- 3.2.4 A Cause Has Been Found: The Only Cause? -- 3.2.5 A Single Location
- 3.3 The Story-Like Explanation, or "Linear Causal" -- 3.3.1 Explicit Story-Like Explanation -- 3.3.2 A Suggested Story-Like Explanation -- 3.3.3 Story-Like Explanation: When the Risk Is Actual -- 3.4 Visual Messages or Analogies: The Risks of Showing or Strongly Suggesting -- 3.4.1 Experimental Evidence -- 3.4.2 Explanations Based on Images or Diagrams -- 3.4.2.1 Realism and Symbolism -- 3.4.2.2 Similarity of Symbols for Different Entities -- 3.4.2.3 Over Selection of Represented Elements -- 3.4.2.4 The Structure of the Image and the Scales of Representation
- 3.4.3 Evidencing , Via an Analogy or a Metaphor -- 3.5 Multiple Risks: Focal Points to Guide Critical Analysis -- References -- Chapter 4: Benefits and Limits of a Classification -- 4.1 Implementing a Critical Analysis: First Approach -- 4.1.1 A Document on Osmosis: A Case Where the Flaws Are Relatively Obvious -- 4.1.2 Capillary Rise: Not So Simple -- 4.1.3 Beyond the Classification -- References -- Chapter 5: Conceptual Mastery and Critical Attitude: Complex Links -- 5.1 Future Teachers Respond to Radio-Carbon Dating Explanations
- 5.1.1 Interviews On a Theme that Is Not As Simple As It Sounds -- 5.1.2 Analysis of Interviews: Broad Outlines -- 5.1.3 Some Striking Facts -- 5.1.4 Delayed Critique: An Activation Threshold -- 5.1.5 Expert Anesthesia -- 5.2 Delayed Critique or Expert Anesthesia: A Fatality? -- References -- Chapter 6: Activating Criticism Without Delay -- 6.1 A Potential for Criticism -- 6.2 Examples of Early Critique -- 6.2.1 Survival Blanket -- 6.2.2 Osmosis -- 6.2.3 Capillary Rise -- 6.3 Conditions for Early Activation of Criticism -- 6.3.1 "Putting Together" Available Pieces of Information -- 6.3.2 The Meaning of the Entities Mentioned in the Text