Includes bibliographical references (pages 229-254) and index.
Jadid-inspired paths to modernity, 1914-1917 -- Partners in progress : Turkmen intellectuals in Soviet Space, 1917-1930 -- From the ABCs to the ABCs of communism, 1930-1953 -- Speaking Soviet, 1954-1984 -- From happy socialism to independence, 1985-1996 -- Altyn Asyr Nesli : NyĆ½azow's Golden Generation, 1996-2006 -- The era of might and happiness, 2007-2014