Introduction: freedom and democracy in "the people's contest": a complicated role for Congress in a complicated war / Paul Finkelman -- A martyr, a speaker, and impending crisis: a prologue to the election of 1860 / Jonathan Earle -- "Shatter this accursed union": the fire-eaters in Congress in 1860 / Eric Walther -- "These Zouaves will never support us": cowardice, Congress and the First Battle of Bull Run / Lesley J. Gordon -- The summer of '62: Congress, slavery, and a revolution in Federal law / Paul Finkelman -- The radicals' war: how the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War tried to shape the course of the Civil War / Fergus M. Bordewich -- We are coming, Father Abraham, but how will you pay for us? / Jenny Bourne -- Why we fight: German American revolutionists confront slavery and secession / Mischa Honeck -- Make mine an abolition war: George Luther Stearns, Frederick Douglass, and the Black soldier / L. Diane Barnes -- Military emancipation before the Emancipation Proclamation: overcoming structural obstacles / Chandra Manning -- Negotiating Black manhood citizenship through Civil War volunteerism and patriotism: Cincinnati's Black Brigade / Nikki M. Taylor