Front Cover -- Agile Energy Systems: Global Distributed On-Site and Central Grid Power -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Overview -- References -- About the Author -- Woodrow W. Clark II MA3, PhD -- Introduction -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 1: The End of the Fossil Fuel Industrial Revolutions: The Case of California in the United States -- The Vertically Integrated Utility -- Nuclear Power Energy Plants -- Energy Growth Issues -- Revised Electricity Demand Estimates -- PURPA History and Contracts -- Conservation and Efficiency -- The Emergence of the Transition Phase -- The Political Economic Tensions That Led to California's Energy Crisis -- Self-Generation and Nonutility Supplier Pressure From Large Consumers -- Out-of-State Surplus -- Fuel Costs Fall -- Nuclear Plant Issues: Diablo Canyon -- Dispersed System Solutions Abandoned -- Deregulation Debacle -- End of Out-of-State Energy Surplus by 2000 -- The US Energy Crisis at the Turn of the 21st Century -- Sustainability is the Future to Stop a California Electrical Crisis -- Conclusion and Lessons From California -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 2: The Green Industrial Revolution (GIR) Is Here Today -- Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3: The Global Context for Changes in the Energy System -- Introduction -- Perspectives on Energy System Changes -- On-Site Distributed Power and Liberalization -- Consolidation and Global Electric Companies -- Competitiveness in the Energy System -- The Transmission System in a Competitive System -- Sustainable Technologies and Environmental Issues -- Energy Corporate-Civic Governance -- Policies and Economics for the Future of Agile Energy Systems -- Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 4: Global Changes in Energy Systems: Central Power and On-Site Distributed
Regional and Nation-State Experiences -- Overview of European Electricity System -- Northern European Grid System -- Norway -- Sweden -- Denmark -- Finland -- NordPool Spot Market -- Denmark -- Decentralization and Operation of the Energy System -- Danish Policy Measures -- Danish Wind Development -- Danish Biomass Development -- Germany -- The Electricity Sector for Renewable Energy -- Nuclear Energy in Germany -- Solar Development -- Wind Development -- German Biomass -- CHP Utilization/German Heating/Renewable Heating Sector -- German Electricity Grid -- German Electricity Market -- German RE Policy -- Offshore Wind Policy -- Summary of Nordic Countries (Denmark) and Germany -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 5: Developing Nations: Africa, Latin America, and Island Nations -- Electrification of Africa -- South Africa -- Botswana -- Latin America -- Electrification in Chile: A Success Story -- Electrification in Brazil -- Electrification of Island Nations -- Electrification in Cuba -- Electrification in the Philippines -- Electrification in Indonesia -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 6: Technologies, Changes, and Impacts: From a Vertically Integrated to Dispersed Energy Systems -- Historical Overview -- Theoretical Underpinnings of Dispersed Systems -- Concentrated or Central Grid Energy System Challenge -- Transitions in Key Technologies Created Alternatives to the Old Model -- Large and Centralized Generators and Utilities Became Less Competitive -- Renewable and "Alternative" Technologies Became Cost Competitive -- The Old Utility Model Was Unable to Deal With Externalities Such as Nuclear Waste, Air Pollution, or Global Warming -- Diversification-The Uneven Commitment to Diverse Supply -- Shaping Demand and Flexibility in Meeting Supply -- Integrated Planning and Demand-Side Management
Transmission Issues: Grid Expanded to Include Wheeling -- Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 7: Agile Energy System: Integrated GIR Technologies Into Infrastructures -- Integrated Hybrid for Infrastructure Systems -- Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 8: The Next Economic Model -- Introduction -- Economic Models and Premises of Restructuring -- Neoclassical Premises and Assumptions -- Conclusion: The failure of Neoclassical Economics in Energy Planning in Complex Systems -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 9: Complex Infrastructures: The Role of Government in Planning for Agile Energy Systems -- Introduction -- Planning for Uncertainty and Risk Aversion -- Meeting the Energy Infrastructure Challenge -- Role of Government in Planning -- Short Term Energy Trends and Issues -- Long-Term Plans: Renewable Portfolio Standards -- Framework for Energy Infrastructure Planning -- Case Study: On-site Distributed Renewable Energy Systems -- Return on Investment Public Finance Model: The Potential for Renewable and On-site Power -- Proposed Strategies for State Government -- Technology Transfer and Commercialization -- Planning and Implementation -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Conclusions: Implementing the Smart Green Development Revolution Through Agile Energy Systems -- Introduction -- The Transition in Energy From Chaos to What Works -- The Challenge of the Localization Model -- Toward Worldwide Agile Energy Infrastructure Systems -- Technological Benefits -- Civic and Social Benefits -- Economic Benefits -- Planning Benefits -- Economic Development Benefits -- Toward an Agile Energy System -- References -- Further Reading -- Appendix: Agile Energy System Cases: Green Technologies for Distributed On-site Power and Central Grid -- Overview -- Background -- Global Energy Technologies Today
Smart Green Technologies: Integrated "Agile" Energy Infrastructures -- Fuel Cell Technologies-Status and Future-for Vehicles and Buildings -- Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (HFCEV) -- The Economics for Smart Green Cities and Communities -- Smart Green Communities: The Case of a City: Berlin -- California State Renewable Investment Plan -- The Green (Renewable Sources for) Hydrogen Paradigm -- Fuel Cell for Energy Storage -- Hybrid Energy Technologies -- Consider the Case of Zinc Air and Iodine-Sulfur (IS) Fuel Cells -- Zero Emission Cars: The Cases of H2, Electric and Solar Cars -- Agile Energy Systems-Infrastructures -- Integrated Hybrid for Infrastructure Systems -- Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- Index -- Back Cover