Perichondral Ring of LaCroix and Groove of Ranvier Growth Plate Vascularity; Synovial Joints; Normal and Abnormal Growth; General Growth Concepts; Puberty; Maturity Assessment; Lower Limb Growth; Femur-Specific Growth; Abnormal Growth and Limb-Length Discrepancy (LLD); Growth Acceleration; Shortening and Angular Deformity; Physeal Injury; Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Growth Disturbance and LLD; Growth Prediction; Treatment of Leg-Length Discrepancy, Angular Deformity, and Growth Arrest; Leg-Length Discrepancy; Angular Deformity; Growth Arrest; Anatomy
Bone Development Vascular Anatomy of the Proximal Femur; Distal Femoral Physis; References; 2: Radiologic Evaluation of Femur Fractures; Overview of Imaging Modalities; Radiographs; Computed Tomography (CT); Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); Ultrasound; Fracture Imaging Based on Location; Proximal Femoral Fractures, Radiographic Evaluation, and AP Pelvis; Cross-Table Lateral; Frog-Leg Lateral; Radiographic Classifications of Proximal Femoral Fractures; Fracture Dislocations; Physeal Fractures; Femoral Shaft; AP and Lateral Femoral Radiographs; Associated Injuries
Distal Femoral Fractures Physeal Fractures; Subarticular Fractures; Radiographically Occult Fractures; Imaging of Fractures in Infants and Neonates; Imaging Findings Associated with Complications of Pediatric Femur Fractures; Nonunion and the Assessment of Union; Implant Failure; Avascular Necrosis; Growth Disturbance/Leg Length Discrepancy; Physeal Bridge; Infection; References; 3: Femur Fractures in Neonates, Infants and Toddlers with or Without Child Abuse; Introduction; Birth Trauma/Neonatal Fractures; Obstetric Fractures; Mechanism; Location; Neonatal Fractures
Physiologic Factors Presentation and Diagnostic Modalities; Infantile and Toddler Fractures; Epidemiology; Mechanism and Location; Treatment; Obstetric and Neonatal Fractures; Infant and Toddler Fractures; Pavlik Harness; Fitting the Harness; Child Abuse; Epidemiology; Presentation; Type of Fracture; Imaging; Associated Injuries; Risk Factors for NAT; Treatment; Conclusions; References; 4: Femoral Head Fractures in Children; Introduction; Anatomy of the Femoral Head; Diagnosis; Transphyseal Fractures; Epiphyseal Fractures; Arthroscopic Treatment