The absolute monarchy -- Economic inequality -- Inequalities of privilege -- The morals of the Old Régime -- The clergy and religion -- The disintegration of authority by philosophy -- The development of the revolutionary spirit under Louis XV -- The reform movement under Turgot and Necker -- Bankruptcy and the convocation of the states general -- The states general and the evolution of the national assembly -- The uprising of the masses -- The end of the Old Régime -- The reorganization of France -- The progress of the revolutionary spirit -- Foreign war and the end of the monarchy -- The Jacobin conquest -- The republic under the terror -- The reign of terror as a political experiment -- The dictatorship of Robespierre -- The return of constitutional government -- The directory and Napoleon Bonaparte -- The consulate -- The empire and the reorganization of Europe -- The fall of the empire -- The close of the revolutionary cycle