The Jewish question / Albert S. Lindemann -- The ancient Mediterranean and the pre-Christian era / Benjamin Isaac -- Jews and Christians from the time of Christ to Constantine's reign / Philip A. Cunningham -- The middle ages / Alex Novikoff -- Antisemitism in the late medieval and early modern periods / Ralph Keen -- Antisemitism in the age of mercantilism / Jonathan Karp -- The Enlightenment, French Revolution, Napoleon / Adam Sutcliffe -- Political antisemitism in Germany and Austria, 1848-1914 / Richard S. Levy -- Antisemitism in modern France : Dreyfus, Vichy, and beyond / Richard J. Golsan -- Antisemitism in the English-speaking world / William D. Rubinstein -- Antisemitism in Russia and the Soviet Union / Heinz-Dietrich Löwe -- Antisemitism in the Nazi era / Doris L. Bergen -- Anti-Judaism and Antisemitism in the Arab and Islamic world prior to 1948 / Norman A. Stillman -- Antisemitism in eastern Europe (excluding Russia and the Soviet empire) since 1848 / István Deák -- Israel and Antisemitism / Meir Litvak and Esther Webman -- Conclusion : not the final word