unit I. Economic and political aspects of health care delivery. 1. Understanding the health care environment -- Objectives -- Classification of health care agencies -- Understanding today's hospital -- The long-term care facility -- Ambulatory care settings -- Community agencies -- Colleagues in health care -- Issues related to individual health professions -- Alternative health care -- Key concepts -- 2. Health care finance and control -- Objectives -- Financing health care for individuals -- Managing the rising costs of health care -- Access to health care -- Maintaining quality in the health care system -- Power in the health care system -- Continuing concerns in the health care system -- Key concepts -- 3. The political process and the nursing profession -- Objectives -- Relevance of the political process for nurses -- Influencing the political process -- The federal government's role in health care -- State-level legislative concerns -- Local political concerns -- Health care reform -- Nursing organizations -- Key concepts --
unit II. Appreciating the development of nursing as a profession. 4. Exploring nursing's origins -- Objectives -- Health care in ancient cultures -- Historical perspectives of nursing -- The nightingale influence -- The military influence -- Early schools in the United States -- The beginning of nursing organizations -- The development of hospitals in the United States -- The American Hospital Association -- Key concepts -- 5. The development of nursing as a profession -- Objectives -- Nursing defined -- Characteristics of a profession -- Differentiating between the terms "profession" and "professional" -- The image of nursing today -- Studies for and about nursing -- Defining a language for nursing -- Traditions in nursing -- Key concepts -- 6. Educational preparation for nursing -- Objectives -- The nursing assistant -- Practical nurse education -- Diploma education -- Associate degree education -- Baccalaureate education -- Master's and doctoral programs that prepare for licensure -- Similarities among entry-level programs -- Other forms of nursing education -- Nursing education at the graduate level -- Articulated programs -- Nondegree programs -- Residencies and structured orientation for the new graduate -- Factors influencing nursing education -- Differentiated practice -- Forces for change in nursing education -- Continuing education -- Key concepts --
unit III. Legal and ethical responsibility and accountability for practice. 7. Credentials for health care providers -- Objectives -- Types of credentials in health care -- The history of credentialing in nursing -- Current nursing licensure laws -- Obtaining a nursing license -- Multistate licensure -- Revocation or limitation of a license -- Sunset laws -- Licensure of graduates of foreign nursing schools -- International nursing licensure -- Certification in nursing -- The future of credentialing in health care -- Key concepts -- 8. Legal responsibilities for practice -- Objectives -- Sources of law -- Other factors affecting legal decisions -- Classification of laws -- Criminal law and nursing -- Civil law and nursing -- Liability -- Liability insurance -- National data bank -- Legal issues common in nursing -- Factors that contribute to malpractice claims -- Preventing malpractice claims -- Elements of a legal action -- The nurse as witness -- Key concepts -- 9. Ethical concerns in nursing practice -- Objectives -- Understanding the concept of ethics -- Basic ethical concepts -- Ethical theories -- Factors that influence ethical decision making -- Factors in the work environment that affect ethical decision making -- A framework for ethical decision making -- Specific ethical issues related to the profession of nursing -- Key concepts -- 10. Bioethical issues in health care -- Objectives -- Major areas where bioethics are applied -- The human genome project -- Bioethical issues concerning the beginning of life -- Bioethical issues concerning death -- Additional bioethical concerns -- Key concepts --
unit IV. Career opportunities and professional growth. 11. Beginning your career as a nurse -- Objectives -- Employment opportunities today -- Competencies of the new graduate -- Personal career goals -- Making goals reality -- Problems experienced by nurses in the workplace -- Discrimination in nursing -- Workplace safety and health for nurses -- Key concepts -- 12. Preparing for workplace participation -- Objectives -- Understanding organizations -- Authority, responsibility, and accountability -- Organizational relationships -- Shared governance -- Patterns of nursing care delivery -- Delegation -- Collective bargaining -- Key concepts