Introduction / Louis I. Hamilton -- Pt.I. Social change and religious reform. Church reform and society in late antiquity / Robert A. Markus -- Gaudium et spes : ecclesiastical reformers at the start of a "new age" / John Howe -- Pt.II. The ideas of reform and the intellectuals. Self and cosmos in becoming deiform : Neoplatonic paradigms for reform by self-knowledge from Augustine to Aquinas / Wayne J. Hankey -- Early scholastics and the reform of doctrine and practice / Marcia L. Colish -- Fides quaerens et non quaerens intellectum : reform and the intellectuals in the early modern period / John O'Malley -- Pt.III. Critical reform. Clerical hierarchy and imperial legislation in late antiquity : the reformed reformers / Rita Lizzi Testa -- To consecrate the church : ecclesiastical reform and the dedication of churches / The reform of the episcopate in the Libellus to Leo X by the Camaldolese hermits Vincenzo Querini and Tommaso Giustiniani / Giuseppe Alberigo -- Pt.IV. The processes of reform. The church in the Roman Empire : changes without reform and reforms without change / Claire Sotinel -- Text and authority in the formation of the Cistercian order : re-assessing the early Cistercian reform / Martha G. Newman -- Compliance and defiance : the Daughters of Charity and the Council of Trent / Susan E. Dinan