Introduction and overview / Martin F. Kaplan and Ana M. Martin -- pt. I. Pure (lay) juries. The jury system in the United States of America / John C. Brigham ; Cross-border diversity: trial by jury in England and Scotland / Lorraine Hope and Amina Memon ; Lay participation in legal decision-making in Australia and New Zealand: jury trials and administrative tribunals / Jane Goodman-Delahunty and David Tait ; Psychological perspectives on Spanish and Russian juries / Ana M. Martin and Martin F. Kaplan ; American military courts-martial: processes and procedures of trials and decisions / Verlin B. Hinsz, Jordan M. Henkel and R. Scott Tindale -- pt. II. Mixed (lay and professional) juries. Issues and prospects in European juries: an overview / Martin F. Kaplan, Ana M. Martin and Janine Hertel ; Juries in Italy: legal and extra-legal norms in sentencing / Patrizia Catellani and Patrizia Milesi ; Human justice or injustice? The jury system in France / Magali Ginet, Serge Guimond and Catherine Greffeuille ; Social-psychological implications of the mixed jury in Poland / Danuta Parlak ; Lay judges in the German criminal court: social-psychological aspects of the German criminal justice system / Thomas Bliesener ; On designing a mixed jury system in Japan / Yohsuke Ohtsubo