Includes bibliographical references (pages 155-163) and index.
1. The failure of Brown and the degradation of urban schools -- Thwarting the promise of Brown -- The forces of opposition to Brown -- The flight from cities -- Sustaining the paradox : politics, markets, and America's schools -- Integration and the military's schools -- The value of exemplars -- 2. The achievement gap and the culture of schooling -- The culture of schooling -- The dominant culture of schooling and black students -- Brothers and keepers : how schooling failed an aspiring black star -- Voices of the self : street culture versus school culture -- The culture of schooling and black achievement -- Synthesizing the research to reshape the culture of schooling -- 3. Inspection and audit in accountability -- The English inspection system -- Inspection and audit -- Audit systems in American accountability -- Some problems of audit systems -- The critical role of district capacity -- The origins and logic of no child left behind -- The key limitations of no child left behind -- The ultimate limitations of no child left behind -- 4. The limits of choice -- Choice and effective education for black students -- Some results of choice systems -- The context of choice in urban settings -- Choice and exit, voice, and loyalty -- The choice experiment in New York City's district 4 -- The cause of district 4's rise and fall -- The role of district support -- Charter schools and the problem of institutional support -- 5. The district's role in systemic reform -- Reform efforts and urban districts -- The new American schools effort and urban districts -- Urban districts as drivers of reform -- District 2's reform effort -- First things first in Kansas City, Kansas -- District-level reform in Hamilton County, Tennessee -- Common elements of district-level reform -- 6. Organizing for effective schools and districts -- Education organizing in urban settings -- Variation in education organizing -- What education organizing can accomplish -- The context of education organizing -- Assessing the results of education organizing -- Education organizing can increase neighborhood social capital -- Education organizing can increase accountability and expand capacity for democratic participation