113,681 147,514 
 113,423 332,973 
Greece 155,269; Republic of Korea 72,055; United States 30,982. 
217,029 
 
15,494 
 
651 
 
71 
 
1,838 
 
30,186 
 
175 
 
 
560 
 
1,090 
445 
10 
 
1,800 
 
 
734 
 
48 
2,226 
382,320 
 
148,868 
 
768 
 
95 
 
18,675 
 
53,134 
 
341 
 
(3) 
 
 
894 
 
978 
 
17~ 
 
17,458 
257 
 
530 
 
2 
3,756 
 
13 
 
 
105 
 
 
1,354 
992 
Sweden 600; West Germany 200; Republic of South Africa 120. 
16 
25 
Sweden 24. 
6,128 
 
22 
44 
5,688 
 
13 
49 
Italy 3,000; BelgiumLuxembourg 2,688. 
Argentina 10; Bolivia 3. 
Paraguay 25; Argentina 20. 
THE MINERAL INDUST1tY OF BRAZIL 
 
Table 2.—Brazil: Exports of mineral commodities —Continued

(Metric tons unless otherwise specified) 
173 
Commodity 1977 1978 Principal destinations 1978 
 
METALS —Continued 
Copper: 
 Matte, including cement copper 250 1,536 
 Metal including alloys, all forms 1,381 3,405 
 
Gold metal, unworked or partly worked, all formstroy ounces — —
- 2,781 Iron and steel: 
Ore and concentrate, including roasted pyrite 
 thousand tons — 58,h41 66,371 
 
Metal: 
 Pigiron 850,629 1,026,479 
 Spongeiron,powder,shot 277 .571 
 
 
Ferroalloys: I 
 Ferrochrome  46,661 42,393 
 Ferromanganese  38,876 40,115 
 Ferromolybdenuni  115 842 
 Ferronickel  415 —— 
 Ferrosilicon  2,348 12,308 
 Ferrocolumbium  7052 10,852 
 Other  23,214 41,004 
 
 
Total_______________________________ 
Steel,primaryforms_________________________ 
 
Semimanufactures: 
 
Bars, rods, angles, shapes, sections  
 
Universals, plates, sheets  
 
Hoopandstrip__________________________ 
 
Rails and accessories______________________ 
 
Wire_________________________________ 
 
Tubes, pipes, fittings______________________ 
 
Castingsandforgingsrough________________ 
 
Lead metal includingalloys,all forms__________________ 
Manganese: 
 Ore and concentrate thousand tons — 
 
Oxides______________________________________ 
Molybdenum metal including alloys, all forms - - — kilograms_ —
Nickel metal including alloys, all forms_________________ 
Platinum-group and silver metals including alloys: 
  Platinum-group troyounces__ 
  Silver                                 
Rare-earth metals: 
  Oxides                                    
 
Cerium metal including alloys  
Tin metal including alloys, all forms — — 
 
Titanium: 
Ore and concentrate  
  Oxides kilograms_ - 
Tungsten: 
  Ore and concentrate____________________________ 
 
 
Metal includingalloys, all forms  
Zinc: 
 Ore and concentrate____________________________ Oxide_______________________________________
Metalincludingalloys, all forms____________________ See footnotes at end
of table. 
West Germany 1,038; Belgium-Luxembourg 498. 
United States 1,669; Colombia 678; Uruguay 407. 
All toParaguay. 
 
 
Japan 21,512; France 4,459; West Germany 645. 
 
China, mainland, 232,011; United States 183,351; West Germany 109,484. 
Uruguay 200; Argentina 175; Republic of South Africa 85. 
 
 
Japan 23,000; United States 9,050; Canada 8,650. 
United States 30,200; Netherlands 7,000; Japan 1,000. 
Netherlands 504; Japan 154; Republic of South Africa 
 141. 
 
United States 5,140; Colombia 702; Japan 600. 
United States 3,280; Netherlahds 2,378; Japan 1,282. 
United States 18,902; Japan 17,661. 
United States 91,144; Uruguay 36,266; Bolivia 16,329. 
United States 110,700; Spain 12,052; Uruguay 11,970. 
Uruguay 342; Paraguay 197; Bolivia 121. 
Colombia 49; Bolivia 36; Venezuela 4. 
United States 3,426; Colombia 3,271; Nigeria 2,268. 
United States 27,531; Colombia 5,514; Bolivia 3,926. 
West Germany 86; Liberia 62; United States 56. 
All to Paraguay. 
United States 159; France 129; Norway 103. 
Argentina 975; Bolivia 3. 
Mainly to Mexico. 
United States 6. 
Spain 17,361. 
Nigeria 161; Mexico 96. 
United States 302; Austria 200; United Kingdom 28. 
France 25; Argentina 4. United States 3,302; Argentina315.