- 10 - 
 
 
             18. It has been a long drag. Not yet won as some few con- 
 tinue to oppose the program, but each year the opposition grows less. 
 This year 10,700 doe permits were offered and all were sold. 
 
             19. The problem has been one of education. We have conducted

 many show-me trips with leading sportsmen, stockmen and news editors over

 problem areas. Those who have seen the conditions under which the deer 
 must live on over-populated winter areas are convinced of the necessity
to 
 control numbers. The barbershop biologists who know all the answers still

 have a lot to say. 
 
             20. Educating the leaders is a slow process, but ultimately

 wins. In the meantime, we have paid a big price--loss of much good winter

 range and hundreds of deer have starved. Range depletion and heavy winter

 mortalities are terrible sacrifices of game, but it seemed to be the only

 way out. We went as fast as the public would let us but that wasn't fast

 enough on some ranges. Perhaps we can save those not yet on the depletion

 list. 
 
             21. The 1939 deer kill in Utah was 38,000, of which approxi-

 mately 10,000 were does. As late as 1921, the buck kill was only about 
 500 on the National Forests and very little hunting outside. 
 
 
 
             Wild animals and birds do not always avail themselves of 
 plenteous food; they may not know it as food. Each species, each sec- 
 tion, seems to have worked out its grub list for that area, based on 
 formed habits accumulating over long periods. It took two or three years

 for quail in Florida and Georgia to find out that millet planted for them,

 was good to eat. In our own Colorado, studies have shown that at one 
 place deer are eating as much as 25% pinion pine, fir and western red 
 cedar; while in other localities, it has not figured in the diet at all.

 And here's a question without an answer: If we transplant the deer on a

 range principally sage brush, to a range where it is relatively scarce 
 and other food abundant, would they adapt themselves to the new diet or

 go hungry because there isn't enough sage to suit them? Even us humans,

 some of us at least, balk at muskrats, grasshoppers, lizards, prairie 
 dogs and blubber. But there are some other two-legged consumers who con-

 sider them "heap good". We can't blame the wildlings for being
choosey 
 in their way. 
 
 
            Pennsylvania is using Federal Aid to Wildlife Funds (Pittman-

Robertson Act money), to purchase 20 tracts which will add 16,000 acres 
to the state refuge system.