ADMISSION 47

In the second year the course should begin with simple triads and con-
tinue through cadences and sequences up to the dominant seventh chord.
The purpose is:

a) To provide a stimulus for the creative impulses of the student,

rather than to serve merely as musical grammar.

b) To develop a capacity for harmonic analysis essential for sound

musicianship.

The work should consist of both paper and key-board application of
all chords and progressions studied.

CHORAL Music. % unit per year; five laboratory periods per week.
This course contemplates choral study in small groups where it will be
possible to pay attention to voice training and to the development of indi-
vidual skill in singing. Sight-reading ability is prerequisite. The material
studied must be selected from the standard choral literature and the course
must be planned in such a manner that a systematic development of both
skill and appreciation will result. In addition to the finished performance
of typical examples of choral literature, opportunity should be provided for
becoming acquainted with a wide range of the best choral literature.

ORCHESTRA. % unit per year; five laboratory periods per week. The
basis for recognition of credit by the University is:

a) The instrumention shall be such that constructive orchestral

development is possible.

b) Instructors must have had sufficient practical training to satisfac-

torily carry on such work.

The purpose of this course is to provide players of orchestral instru-
ments an opportunity for the development of skill and for the enjoyment of
this form of ensemble playing. It is essential, therefore, that there be an
instrumentation that is sufficiently complete for the characteristic qualities
of the various choirs to be realized. It is only upon this basis that an ade-
quate performance of the literature of the symphony orchestra may be
approximated.

The following minimum instrumentation is essential: four first violins,
four second violins, two violas, one cello, one bass, one flute, two clarinets,
one oboe, one bassoon, two trumpets (or cornets), one trombone (valve or
slide), two French horns, tympani, and percussion.

In augmenting this group, the strings may first be greatly increased,
with attention, however, to proportional increases in violas, cellos, and
basses; then second bassoon, second oboe, second and third trombones, third
and fourth French horns, and second flute may be added.

The music played by such a group may be simple but must be musi-
cally worth while. Perfect intonation, good tone, accuracy of reading, and
expressive performance are the ends sought.

BAND. % unit per year; five laboratory periods per week. In order
that credit for band may be accepted by the University, the following mini-
mum instrumentation is necessary: eight B-flat clarinets, one flute and pic-
colo, one oboe, one bassoon, four cornets or trumpets, one baritone, two
trombones, two tubas (preferably E-flat and BB-flat), three French horns
in F or E-flat, and two percussion. Instruments may be added in the fol-
lowing order: two B-flat clarinets, one additional French horn, one trom-
bone, one E-flat clarinet, one alto clarinet, one bass clarinet, two trombones,
and four saxophones (B-flat, E-flat, tenor, and baritone). With such an in-