510 MINERALS YEARBOOK, 1985 
 
Batavia, IL. Tevatron/Tevatron 1 is the (a doughnut-shaped chamber for confineworld's
first liquid-helium-cooled supercon- ment of ionized gas in a magnetic field).
The ducting particle accelerator. The Govern- international program includes
three magmeat-owned, contractor-operated project at nets from the United
States and one each Batavia, IL, is a major advance in high- from Japan,
Switzerland, and Euratom (a energy physics research, and the total sys- consortium
of European countries engaged tern design is a major engineering achieve-
in atomic research). The test program will meat. The use of superconductivity
technol- allow the U.S. Department of Energy to ogy means that less electricity
is required, select the best design for future liquidreducing energy requirements,
while in- helium-cooled superconducting magnets, tense and extremely steady
magnetic fields which will be used in the final nuclear are achieved. This
application of supercon- fusion reactor design. 
ductivity for the Tevatron demonstrates its Other technologies that are presently
commercial value and the reliability of evolving and require helium's unique
proplarge helium liquefiers and refrigerators. erties are (1) superconducting
magnets used The liquid helium that cools the magnets is to separate weakly
magnetic materials, (2) supplied by a 5,000-liter-per-hour central helium-neon
lasers used to detect gas leaks, helium liquefier coupled to 24 satellite
heh (3) helium ions used to treat tumors (4) urn refrigerators It roughly
doubles the infrared mapping of infrared emissions in world s helium liquefying
capacity and beyond our galaxy (5) helium pillow to 
 Researchers have begun final preparation analyze thermonuclear airbursts
(6) Stra for a 2-year test program aimed at develop- tegic Defense Initiative"
equipment, such as ing large superconducting magnets for fu- lasers and surveillance,
and (7) new lightersion power reactors of the future Installa than air activities

tion of the final magnet in Oak Ridge Na- High-field design; liquid-helium-cooled
sutional Laboratory's International Fusion perconducting magnets were selected
for Superconducting Magnet Test Facility corn the proposed Superconducting
Super Col pleted the assembly work with testing lider." Actualization
of
this project could scheduled to begin in 1986. The facility is have an impact
on helium usage. 
designed to simultaneously test six 45-ton, 
6- by 10-foot, D-shaped, helium-cooled super- ' Chemical engineer, Helium
Field Operations, Amarillo, . * 1 . r TX. 
conuuc ing e ec~romagnebs unuer conui- 2All helium volumes herein reported
at 14.7 pounds per 
tions simulating a tokamak fusion reactor square inch absolute and 10' F.