THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST

*1J1assev- Raivig
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A      Most Useful Cultivator
Here is a cultivator which is adaptable to a variety of work-for the
preparation of the seed-bed in ordinary field work, or the cultivation
of the vineyard.   Extensions which enable it to work under over-
hanging branches of trees can be furnished, making it a first-class
cultivator for orchard work.  Also, attachments can be supplied which
make it suitable for furrowing or ridging.
The Teeth can be so set as to cultivate behind the Wheels. They
are made from steel, and have reversible points attached so as to be
readily adjustable. Fitted regularly with 9 Spring Teeth.
Frame and Sections are angle steel.  Wheels are 29-in. high with
2- in. face, and are on Extension Axles, permitting of change in the
tread from 4 ft. to 4 ft. 10 in.
THE CULTIVATOR FOR THE FRUIT FARM
MASSEY - HARRIS CO., LIMITED
HEAD OFFICES - - TORONTO, ONT.
BRANCHES AT
Montreal, Moncton, Winnipeg, Regina, Saskatoon, Swift Current, Yorkton,
Calgary, Edmonton.  Transfer Houses - Vancouver and Kamloops.
__________________AGENCIES EVERYWHERE____________
Mc Connell's
Free Plant and Tree Catalogue
tells you about the great Everbearing Strawberries. June bearing strawberries,
raspberries, blackberries, currants, gooseberries, grapes, asparagus, rhubarb, fruit
trees of all kinds, ornamentals, roses, seed potatoes, golden bantam, sweet corn,
etc. If interested write to-day for free copy.

H. L. McConnell & Son

-    Port Burwell, Ontario

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Price Setting.
The question of price setting is a con-
tentious one, and is always a difficult prob-
lem. The price of produce is, or should be,
based on the law of supply and demand. It
is here that manipulation enters. Gambling
chances are taken in advance sales, which
mostly result in the producer getting the
worst of the deal. The individual grower,
and even the un-co-ordinated association,
that is not in close touch with general mar-
ket conditions, is usually no match for the
better informed buyer. A few ill-made bar-
gains not only hurts the farmer's returns
directly, but it indirectly hurts the market
otherwise. It is the few cheap offerings
that_ lower the prices ruling, especially at
the peak of a season when the supply is at
its head.
Growers consfigning goods to the retail
trade constitute a very destructive factor in
price setting. The merchant who has no
price named can cut just a little under the
market and advertise and feature his geods
at the growers' expense. The result is that
others have to meet his cut which he often
repeats until What should have netted the
producer a good return fades away below
the expense of production. Happily, this
evil is almost removed.
Nova Scotia's Position
A. E. McMahon, Manager, The United Fruit
Companies of N. S., Ltd., Berwick, N.S.
OF all parts of Canada and possibly of
all parts of America probably the
Annapolis Valley has suffered most
financially from the great war. The grow-
ers of beans, potatoes, wheat, corn and oats
have been able to move the prices of the
products upwards with the rising cost of
supplies. So, to a great extent have the
growers of oranges, peaches and straw-
berries, whose usual markets were near at
home. This has not been true of the grow-
ers of Nova Scotia apples.  The cleared
land of the Annapolis Valley is largely plant-
ed to, and the capital of the Annapolis
Valley is largely invested in, apples.
The most profitable market for Nova
Scotia apples yet found is England. Some
forty years ago the first Nova Scotian apples
were shipped to England and for some years
thereafter a barrel of good Nonpareils in
the spring of the year was as good as a five
dollar bill. Then the various foreign com-
putitors whose apples we all know entered
the field. Some of these competitors were
in a position to supply a certain quality of
apples for certain seasons,, others special
varieties, and others again to supply apples
for ordinary trade varieties profitably on the
English markets. Almost without exception
however they attempted too much and plant-
ed orchards to grow more apples than could
profitably be marketed. The result was a
hard contest and a survival of the fittest
among the various apple sections. When
the great war broke out it was beginning to
be seen by those who were in a position to
judge that Nova Scotia was winning in the
contest. Knowing this the officials of the
United Companies of N. S., Ltd., and the
affiliated subsidiary companies, assisted by
Chief Fruit Inspector, G. H. Vroom and his
staff of inspectors, Professor W. H. Britain
and his staff of assistants, and Dominion
Field Officer, G. E. Sanders and his assist-
ants, have unceasingly advised, coaxed,
pleaded with, and begged growers to keep
their orchards up, not to let them deterior-
ate.
On September 5th, 1918, the Fruit Com-
missioner's Branch published Fruit Crop
Report No. 4 in which the general review
included states: "The embargo on apple ex-

March, 1919.

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