THE FAR EASTERN CRISIS



a number of times has desired to introduce communism but in every
case we have advised the Government to refrain from communist
measures because in a country of nomads communism is an absurdity.
There is but one factory in the whole of Mongolia, a textile mill with
700 employees. We hope that the Mongolian Republic will continue
indefinitely as a 'petit bourgeois' state under our control."
                                                         BuirxuT

893.01 Manchuria/1149: Telegram
    The Minister in China (Johnson) to the Secretary of State

                                 PEIPING, August 3, 1934-11 a. m.
                                            [Received 11: 50 a. m.]
  335. British troops in summer camp at Shanhaikwan are accus-
tomed annually to hold maneuvers north of the Great Wall in an
area which was always regarded as part of Hopei Province. While
holding maneuvers there last month the British Military Attache
received a written communication from Colonel Giga, Chief of the
special mission of the Kwantung Army at Shanhaikwan; concur-
rently head of the "Manchukuo" Foreign Affairs office at Shanhai-
kwan, asking that thereafter they should obtain the permission of
the Kwantung Army before holding maneuvers north of the Great
Wall (which the Japanese regard as the southern boundary of
"Manchukuo"). Basing their position on the protocol of 190166
and related agreements and the fact that the area concerned has been
regarded as part of Hopei Province and not part of Manchuria, the
British military authorities are reported to have no intention [of]
accepting Japanese position but to have replied to effect that they
would be glad to supply the Kwantung Army with a schedule of
intended maneuvers as a matter of courtesy. The matter rests here
for the time being. British apparently anticipate that Japanese will
not press their point.
  It is understood that French and Italian forces in summer camps
at Shanhaikwan received similar communications from Colonel Giga
but so far have taken no action.
  American forces in summer camp at Chinwangtao are not involved
in the matter and, with the Legation, will carefully abstain from being
drawn into the controversy.
  It is feeling here that Japanese military needlessly and tactlessly
created a difficult situation which although it will probably be settled
amicably will not increase good will towards Japanese or effect any
improvement in the international status of "Manchukuo".
                                                        JOHNSON

 "Foreign Relations, 1901, Appendix (Affairs in China), p. 312.



233