Status of Berlin, August-December 1959 141



other to conversations are not too precise. However, it seemed there
should be some definite items and disarmament, underdeveloped
countries, non-interference in internal affairs and, naturally, Germany
had been mentioned.
    As to disarmament, De Gaulle stated this was big subject. Obvi-
ously there were no great possibilities of coming to grips with it at sum-
mit but it could be discussed in general terms. Adenauer had suggested
progress and savings could be effected and diverted for aid to underde-
veloped countries. Macmillan had talked about U.K. disarmament pro-
posals. Finally there was possibility of arranging for some control of
vehicles and war heads (vehicules et fusees).
    On underdeveloped countries, De Gaulle continued, it has been
suggested we should get underway with some better organization
among western countries and then at meeting with Khrushchev may be
some limited proposals could be made. These might, for example, in-
clude such things as technical cooperation and financial aid in Nile de-
velopment or in the field of public health.
    It had been agreed among four De Gaulle stated that these matters
should be studied, including how disarmament economics should be
transferred to benefit underdeveloped countries and also suggestion as
to aid projects. In any event, five-power group would be preparatory
work in field of disarmament, perhaps being able to base itself on report
of Coolidge commission.
    On Germany, De Gaulle concluded four had centered on Berlin. It
was agreed juridical status and western rights in Berlin should not be
brought into question. It was also agreed governments should plan
measures in event interference western access to Berlin. Finally it was
agreed developments with respect to Germany depend on intentions of
Khrushchev. We should ask him frankly what his intentions are. If he
indicates that he will create difficulties then this means that he does not
want a detente. We should put him up against a wall and tell him it is up
to him to make any proposals he may want to put forward, since
Khrushchev raised the question.
    President said De Gaulle had given accurate account. Couve re-
ported on work of Foreign Ministers with respect to:

    (1) Communique of heads of government;
    (2) Invitation to Khrushchev to be drafted by Foreign Ministers to-
morrow and submitted to heads of government for approval, together
with proposed instructions to Ambassadors in Moscow;
    (3 Further preparations for East-West summit; especially estab-
lishment five-power disarmament committee and continuation of work
under direction of Secretary of State and Ambassadors in Washington.