THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF VIRGINIA 823 
 
in paints, printing inks, fertilizers, foundry facings, cement, and other
products. Total marketed output of both natural and manufactured iron-oxide
pigments was substantially less than in 1966, but a higher unit value in
1967 partially offset the production decline, resulting in only a moderate
decrease in total value. 
 
 Lead and Zinc.—Production of lead and zinc ore was limited to two
mines in 
Wythe County, operated by New Jersey Zinc Co. Output of the crude lead-zinc
ore was greater than in 1966 and the production of recoverable lead and zinc
was 11 and 7 percent higher, respectively, in 
1967. Lead rose only 3 percent in total value due to a decrease of 7 percent
in unit value. A decline of 7 percent in the unit value of zinc more than
offset the production gain, resulting in a slight decline in total value.

 
Table 1O.—Mine production of recoverable lead and zinc 
Year 
 
Lead 
 
Zinc 
 
Short tons 
Value 
Short tons 
Value' 
1963                            
1964                            
1965                            
1966                            
1967                            
3,500 
3,857 
3,651 
3,078 
3,430 
$756,000 
1,010,534 
1,139,112 
930,479 
960,400 
23,988 
21,004 
20,491 
17,666 
18,846 
$5,724,628 
5,699,645 
5,942,390 
5,123,140 
5,088,420 
 Recoverable zinc valued at the yearly average price of prime western-slab
zinc, East St. Louis market. Value established after transportation, smelting,
and manufacturing charges have been added to the value of ore at the mine.

 
 Manganese.—Howmet Corp., Minerals! Refractories Division, ground imported
manganese ore at a plant in Lynchburg. Imported ore was processed for use
in the company products by Union Carbide Corp., Mining & Metals Division,
at a plant near Newport News. 
 
 Titanium Concentrates.—Marketed production of titanium concentrates
rose 19 percent and value of shipments increased 14 percent compared with
1966 figures. The gain in total shipments and value was due entirely to ilmenite,
which comprised 
the bulk of marketed production; rutile declined moderately in both shipments
and value. Both the ilmenite (FeTiO3) and rutile (TiOs) are used in the manufacture
of titanium dioxide pigments, which, in turn, are used in producing paints,
lacquers, plastics, paper, rubber, textiles, linoleum, and many other materials.
Ilmenite was produced by American Cyanamid Co., Pigments Division, in Amherst
County, and both ilmenite and rutile were produced by M & T Chemicals,
Inc., in Hanover County.