438 
MINERALS YEARBOOK, 1967 
 
eastern part of the State. The material was used principally for handmade
jewelry and personal collections. 
 
 Lime.—Total output of quicklime and hydrated lime in Minnesota increased
8 percent in quantity and value over that of 1966. Minnesota's only commercial
lime producer, Cutler-Magner Co. at Duluth, manufactured both quicklime and
hydrated lime using limestone transported by lake vessel from Michigan. One
rotary kiln was operated, using bituminous coal as fuel. About 83 percent
of the company's output was sold for chemical and industrial uses, including
paper manufacture, water purification, metallurgical purposes, petroleum

refining, and paint manufacture. Lime for soil stabilization, mason's lime,
and agricultural purposes comprised the remainder. Most of the lime was consumed
within the State with lesser shipments to Iowa, Michigan, Montana, North
Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. American Crystal Sugar Co. produced
quicklime for sugar refining at its plants near Chaska, Carver County; Moorhead,
Clay County; and Crookston and East Grand Forks, Polk County. Shaft kilns
were operated at these plants using coke for fuel. 
 In addition to lime produced and consumed in Minnesota, shipments were also
received from Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin. 
 
Table 12.—Sand and gravel sold or used by producers, by classes of
operations and uses 
(Thousand short tons and thousand dollars) 
 
1966 
Class of operation and use 
 Quantity Value 
1967 
 
Quantity Value 
Commercial operations: 
 Sand: 
 Building 3,702 $3,131 Paving 2,481 1,406 Fill 846 319 Other '  461 1,185

 Total 7,490 6,041 
 
 Gravel: 
 Building 3,123 4,842 Paving 15,920 10,562 Railroad ballast 405 249 Fill
1,010 382 Other 29 33 
 Total 20,487 16,068 Total sand and gravel 27,97722,109 
 
Government-and-contractor operations: 
 Sand: 
 Building 1 (2) Paving 2,310 1,247 Fill 118 56 Other 14 6 
 Total 2,443 1,309 
 
 Gravel: 
 Building 3 2 Paving 8,703 5,482 Fill 165 57 Other 40 13 
 Total 8,911 5,554 Total sand and gravel 11,354 6,863 
 
All operations: 
 Sand 9,933 7.350 
 Gravel - 29,398 21,622 
 Total 39,331 28,972 
 3,922 $3,312 3,679 2,340 1,038 491 516 1,353 
 
 9,155 7,496 
 
 3,254 5,387 17,943 13,802 180 114 1,174 486 15 16 
 
 22,566 19,805 
 
 31,721 27,301 
 
 1,449 794 103 48 49 27 
 
 1,601 869 
 
 3 2 7,708 4,882 179 78 
 
 7,890 4,962 
 
 9,491 5,831 
 
 10,756 8,365 ?0,456 24,767 
 
 41,212 33,132 
 1 Includes railroad ballast (1966), blast, engine, filler, foundry, glass,
molding, oil (hydrafrac), pottery, porcelain, tile, and other construction
and industrial sand. 
 2 Less than 3-~ unit.