286



FOREIGN RELATIONS, 19466, VOLUME IV



for defence. The proposed coastal artillery, anti-aircraft and anti-
tank material is clearly of defensive character and in its main parts
locally and entirely bound beforehand.
Article 18.
  1. Excess war material of Allied origin shall be placed at the dis-
posal of the Allied Power concerned according to the instructions
given by that Allied Power.
  2. Excess Finnish war material shall be placed at the disposal of the
Governments of the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom.
  3. War material of German origin or design in excess of that re-
quired for the use of the army permitted in the Treaty will be placed
at the disposal of the Soviet. Union and the IUnited Kingdom.
  4. Excess war material mentioned in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 and the
character of which is defined in annex 3, will be handed over or de-
stroyed within one year from the date Finland has received detailed
instructions regarding surrender or destruction.
  5. Finland relinquishes all her rights to war material which has
been handed over in accordance with the paragraphs 1, 2 and 3. The
value of this material which will be fixed by a commission of
experts of both parties, will constitute in regard to the material to be
handed over to the Soviet Union, a part payment of Finland's war
reparations to the Soviet Union, and, in regard to the material to be
handed over to the United Kingdom, part payment of Finland's debt
to England arising from earlier deliveries of war material.
  6. It is also considered to be destruction of war material if material
suitable or reconvertible to civilian use is given without delay to
civilian use and normally used up.
  7. Finland will not acquire or manufacture any war material of
German origin or design except equipment which is necessary for the
maintenance and use of that material of German design which accord-
ing to paragraph 3 of this Article remains in her possession.
  8. Finland will not employ or train any technicians, including mili-
tary and civil aviation personnel, who have been nationals of Germany.
The mnotives for changes to Article 18.
  Paragraph 4. The handing over and destroying of the material
can not begin before detailed instructions have been given. In respect
of the technical execution of the handing over and the destroying a
period of one year is requested. It is reasonable that this period of
one year begins to run first from the date when the detailed instruc-
tions have been given to Finland.
  Paragraph 5. Finland's payments of war reparations to the Soviet
Union are to be paid in commodities. It is natural and reasonable that
commodities owned and handed over by Finland are to be considered
as part payments of reparations even if they are war material.