Digest of "Deer Investigations in Pennsylvania" 
 
Vernon Bailey, - Mvy 10-15, 1929 
(5npublished Report -- Do not Quote till published) 
FIELD WORK 
On Retuge No.2 examined 11 dead deer (dead 1 or 2 months) and found all 
but 1 were 1927 fawns.  Saw 60 deer, all does, no live fawns. (Could bucks
be 
recognized?) 
On Refuge No.34 examined 8 dead deer. All but 1 were 1927 fawns,  Saw 
40 does, Rather thin but otherwise healthy. 
Then visited a state nursery and an agricultural district and gathered 
stomach contents of one deer in each place, 
Chestnuts are still sprouting and furnish much browse. 
PRESIIIT ABUNDANCE: 15,000 bucks killed 1927 (limit 6-inch horns). It 
is generally agreed that 1/3 of the legal bucks are taken each year; henc

there are 45,000 bucks over 2 years old. Local men estimate 25 does to one

buck: "this in a rough way would indicate over a million does in the
state". 
Local men estimate only 1 fawn to 10 does. Bailey accepts this estimate as

essentially correct. 
w FOOD    Found following plants cropped: 
White Pine - buds and leaves of lower branches considerably 
eaten. 
Norway Pine - buds and leaves eaten 
Virginia Pine - buds and leaves eaten 
Scotch Pine - buds and leaves eaten. 
European Larch - bus, leaves, and branches eaten. 
Hemlock  -   buds, leaves, and branches extensively eaten. 
Norway spruce - buds and leaves eaten. 
White spruce - none found eaten (small plantation) 
Chestnut - buds and tender tips of branches extensively 
eaten. Nuts formerly important for fattening. 
White Oak - buds and tips of lower branches very little 
eaten but acorns valuable in fall. 
Red Oak  -   buds slightly eaten, acorns important food. 
Chestnut Oak - buds slightly eaten, acorns important food. 
Shingle Oak  - buds slightly eaten, acorns important food. 
Beech    -    buds slightly eaten, nuts important food. 
Red maple    - extensively browsed. 
Striped maple - extensively browsed. 
Sugar maple -    very little browsed. 
White thorn -    buds slightly browsed 
Black thorn -    slightly browsed.