TABLE 18458  SOUTHEAST ASIA MINERALS YEARBOOK—1988 
 SINGAPORE: PRODUCTION OF MINERAL 2 
(Metric tons unless otherwise specified) 
 
Commodity 
1984 
1985 
1986 
1987 
l988~ 
Cement, hydraulic thousand tons 
2,821 
1 992 
1 805 
1 527 
1,595 
Iron and steel: Metal: Steel, crudee do. 
350 
350 
350 
350 
300 
Petroleum refinery products: 
17,731 
e18,000 
 
eigooo 
eigooo 
Gasoline thousand 42-gallon barrels 
 
 
 
 
 
Jetfuel do. 
43,578 
~44000 
~44000 
~44000 
e45,000 
kerosene do. 
14,338 
e14,000 
e~3~yJ~J 
 
 
Distillate fuel oil do. 
76,677 
~77000 
~75000 
~72000 
~72 000 
Residual fuel oil do. 
87,418 
~87000 
~~5tJ~J~ 
~82000 
~82 000 
Lubricants do. 
3,959 
e4,000 
e4~yJ~ 
e41J~J~ 
e5t~J~ 
Other do. 
45,560 
~46000 
~45~J~ç~ 
~45000 
~46 000 
Refinery fuel and losses do. 
4,024 
e4,000 
~31J~J 
~3IJ~J~J 
~4tJ~ 
Total do. 
293,285 
e294,000 
e287,000 
e282,000 
e285,000 
Stone: Granite, broken thousand cubic meters 
7,422 
6,743 
5,565 
7,319 
6,914 
Sulfur, byproduct of petroleum 
5,557 
e6,000 
esooo 
esooo 
e5~~J 
e Estimated. P Preliminary. 
1 Table includes data available through Aug. 18, 1989. 
2 In addition to the commodities listed, other crude construction materials
such as sand and gravel and other varieties of stone presumably are produced,
but available information is inadequate to make reliable estimates of output
levels. 
 
 
 
 
would double to 72,000 tons per year. 
 Overall, Singapore's trade in 1988 grew 30°7o to $74.6 billion from
$57.2 billion in 1987. Exports rose 3 1 ¾ to $35.3 billion from
$26.8
billion, and imports rose 29°lo to $39.3 billion from $30.4 billion.
The country had a global deficit of $4 billion, up from $3.6 billion for
1987. Petroleum products worth $9 billion shipped from the refineries accounted
for 18°lo of the total domestic exports, followed by computer equipment,
telecommunications gear, and electronic components. Exports to the United
States in 1988 grew 28% over 1987 to $8.4 billion. Trade surplus against
the United States was $2.2 billion, 10% higher than in 1987. Sales to regional
trade partners and to the EC showed considerably higher growth rates. 
 Singapore's trade with China was $5.7 billion in 1988, of which 7% coyering
170 projects in China, were con- 
tracts sealed between Singapore and Chinese traders. There were only 20 Chinese
enterprises, joint ventures, business representative offices, and cooperation
projects in Singapore, worth $5 million. Compared with that of 
1987, exports to China were up 65%, including electrical machines, spare
ship parts, specialized equipment, natural rubber, palm oil, and household
appliances. On the other hand, imports from China were up 1 1 °lo
, including
crude oil, refined oil, textile products, foodstuffs, native and livestock
products, light industrial products, arts and crafts, and equipment. Singapore
is China's fourth-ranking trade partner in Southeast Asia. 
 The country's Kimetal tin smelter planned a joint venture with China to
build a 200-ton-per-month tin smelter in southwest China. Kimetal, operating
on one arc furnace, had been intermittently treating the tin concentrates
from 
various sources at an average rate of 200 tons per month of refined tin output.
A spare furnace at Kimetal and most of the other equipment were to be supplied
by Singapore to the Chinese smelter. Eventually, another furnace would be
added to the smelter in order to double the capacity to 500 tons per month.
Singapore has become a major delivery point of zinc and the largest single
center of zinc stocks for the London Metal Exchange. The country is also
the second largest delivery center for aluminum. Other metals significantly
distributed through Singapore include copper, lead, and nickel. 
 Cement manufacturing and granite quarrying were the major activities in
the mineral industry in 1988. Singapore's six major local cement producers
were Asia Cement, Indocement, Jurong Cement, Pan Malaysian Cement Works,
Singapore Cement, and Ssangyong Cement. Arabian Bulk