THlE WISCONSIN FARMER.



   There was recently standing in Prince
George county, Maryland, a Codling tree sent
there by Lord Baltimore over a century ago.
  The interest that our fathers took in fruit is
further witnessed by the liberal premium of
£10 awarded in I7id. by the Society for Pro-
macting Arts. etc., to Thomas Young. of Oys-
ter Bay, for the largest nursery o0' apples-
the number beitj- 27.123. The famous apples
of the I7th centurY were the Pearmains, Cod-
lings, Catsheads. and Red Streaks-the Gold-
en Pippin, a sniall yellow apple .f very fine
flavor, though iell known at that time, reserv-
ed its poupilarity for a later period. Miller,
in 1724, recordls among others the following
apples that are well known now, Juneating,
Summer Pearmain. Sops of Wine, Gilliflower,
Flower of Kent., Go No Further, which, being
interpreted, meanœ ' I ati) as good as you can
get.'
  Our own Newlown Pippin, of world-wide
repute, date. hack to the same period. The
original tree was a seedling which grew near
a swaimp in Newtown, Long Island, about
1700, on the estate of Gershonm Moore, and the
fruit was callel the Ciershom,, Moore Pippin
for a lug time. The tree lasted over a hun-
dred yeart, :inI finally dlied from excessive
cutting, it having been much resorted to for
scions to gratt with.
  The tl;rilwiii. New England's favorite apple,
originatedl in Wilmington, near Boston, more
than a century ago. (if it started last year. I
don't believe the Yankees would like it so ex-
cessivel v well); it grew on the farm of' Mr.
Butters, in the part of the town called Somer-
ville, tind was known as the Woodpecker's
apple. (the woodpeckers having pertorated
the tree), being disseminated by Col. Baldwin
& Sons, it was called Baldwin apple.
  Oine of our old varieties, the It. 1. Greening.
tells its own hirthplne. and color. It deserves
its high reputation.
  The Spitaeuburg and Swaar grew up on the
lHudson, under Dutch patronage.  We have
borrowed some choice flavors from our neigh-
bors on the other side of this beautiful Onta-
rio-the Fametise, Sr Lawrenoe, Red Canadsa
and Pomme Grise.
  The Red Astrachlan. that helps when we
want help, having learned, like the Arctic
corn, to grow quick, and theI Duchess of Old-
enburg, ice-bound Russia sends us greeting.
Scientific Germany, rich in treasures of
thought, makes us her everlasting debtor for
the Gravenstein; while France, in the warmth
of old friendship sent her Reinettes, Nonpar-
eils and Pomme d'Ors.
  Italy, with her Api or Lady Apple, weds the
present tothe past; and old Spain and her
monks watch for mankind. through the world's
eclipse the Pomological treasures of the East.
  Britain, our fatherland, sent us all she had;
and we return again more than we received.
Our own neighborhood, the favored home of



the apple, with pride points to its Melon and
Northern Spy, while the Early Harvest and
Rambo own to an American origin. The Pri-
mate I cannot trace  Coxe does not mention
it in 1819; Downing records it in 1846. The
King of Tompkins County, born in the Jer-
seys, is an apple eminently fit to be eatea.-
Hubbardson Nonsuch, of Hubbardson, Masai,
and Jonathan, of Kingston, N. Y., are not un-
known to fame.
  The Pippins are as numerous as our cele-
brated family of Smiths, and seem to glory in
being citizens of the world. I find enumera-
tel in ",British Pomology " 128 distinct Pip-
pins.
  It is too late to ask, -' What's in a name?"
Judas Iscariot has copyists enough, but no
namesakes. The poorest child, even in Soutb
Carolina, would sooner go without a name
than take Benedict Arnold. And yet, every
Paul is not a saint, nor every Jefferson a pat-
riot.
  Apples sometimes take their patron's name,
and if the apple be only a good one, that name
bids fair for immortality.  I would sooner
trust the Roxbury Russet than any granite
obelisk from New England quarries.
  If great names would make apples, what
may we not expect from Gloria fundi the glo-
ry of the world; Nonpareil, unequalled; Siw
Quo Non, indispensable; tosay nothing of the
Kings and Queens.
  Among the efficient friends of the apple
beside the old writers alluded to, I will men-
tion Mr. Knight, President of the London
Horticultural Society, who assiduously labor-
ed to correct the nomenclature and arouse an
interest in the apple itself. The Society over
which lie presided, as well as our own Ameri-
can Pomological Society now under the able
presidency of Marshall P. Wilder, of Slaem,
have done and are doing a work for which the
world should thank them. Mr. Robert Thomp-
son, of England, Mr. A. J. Downing, of Amer-
ica, Diel and Van Mlone, of Germany, and a
host of others, have done a work beyond all
praise.
  The apple, famous for its many uses, was
early found to make a pleasant drink. The
ancient Hebrews made a drink from apples as
well as from other fruits.  The ancient Ro-
mans knew all about it; the African fathers
TerLullian and Augustine took time to men-
tion it, if nothing more; while the ancient
Britons, like our own Yankee fathers, patron-
ized it liberally. Hogg says that there was
a large cider manufactory as far north as
Richmond, in Yorkshire, in the early part of
the 18th century. The '" Husbandman's Fruit-
ful Orchard, 1697, says:-III have seene in
the pastures and hedgerows about the grounds
of a worshipfull gentleman, dwelling two
miles from Hereford, called M. Roger Bed-
nome, so many trees of all sorts that the ser-
vants drink for the most part no other drink



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