226                THE WISCONSIN FARMER.

now. The saving of transportation would help I                    WEST.
them to eompete with Eastern Manufacturers                    Capital. c_-Valne-------.
                                                                1880    
  1860      1880
who have longer been established, and within  Boots and Rhoes..  3.141,92M
 $5,141,520  69,465,2D5
                                                  Woln  .........2,519,289
 3.930,084  3,718,092
ten years we may thus supply ourselves with cottwns......        783000 
 1,269,403  1,391.987
                                              Clotlsing ..........3,021,221
 2,705,232  8,810,329
three-fourths of all the multitude of heavy ar- Sewing machines . 4.461,,00
. .....  178,785
ticles we now purchase abroad.                Furniture..        ,971,9tO
2,760,993 6,874.39,
                                              Pig iron................  
 ....... 16,311,000
  Already something has been done.   Touch- Steam engines.......... ............
6 3,62,317  8,233,876
                                              1Agricultural imid ...  ......1,9-23,317
 8,23,878
ing this subject, an able writer in the Merch- Iron fIundries ..........
.........  3,839,887  5,170,984
ants' Magazine thus remarks:                  Lumber.     .           . 
 14,577.25033,274,793
                                              Flour ...................42,673,992
 96,038.794
    In the past ten ycars the West has, as we  osap and candles ...... 1,,83,127
 1,836,802  5,707.187
have shown, exceeded all other sections in      "These figures indicate
the nature of the
prosperity. IPopulation and capital have flow- struggle that has been going
on. Thus, arti-
ed in upon her, developing productions which cles like Shoes and clothing,
have not as yet
have found a ready sale at good profits, while flourished at the West under
the severe com-
by means of the railroads the whole Western  petition of the East, although
the Wcst has the
country has participated in the general pros- advantage in respect to raw
materials. But in
perity. Now the population has grown some- the heavier articles, like iron,
furniture, agri-
what in excess of the number which cati read- cultural implements, steam
engines, etc., which
ily be supported from   agriculture, even if are protected at the West by
the cost of trans-
possessed of a large foreign market, and, as portation of the materials,
the increase there
formerly in the East so at present in the West, has far outstripped the progress
of the same
manufactures are growing up and are succeed- branches at the East.  These
figures also in-
ing, even in spite of the advantages of capital dicate that all branches
of manufactures are
and long experience of the East. The census organized and ready for expansion.
At such
gives us the following figures in relation to the a moment war supervenes
and closes the door
progress of the West in that direction:       to much of the usual trade
of that region, by
              >JtInIdtion. No. factories.  capital. cutting off the Southern
outlets. The employ-
Eastern State...1. 1,580,840  71,878  S721,679,206 ments of Western capital
come to an end, and
W~estern States .     sa,,249 .34,3 0 196,89,47e 5enterprise is turned in
the direction of nmanu-
                e ,t'ria. I     Vl. I is  pel<.ducete  factures at the
very moment when cotton, the
}.sstern States..... $036,787,343 1,023047 $1,215,208,05 raw  material for
$l06.000.000  of Eastern
Western States...  224,257,494  222,325  390,411,942  manufactures, is no
longer available, and the
  " Thus it appears that the value per head of flax and wool of the
West are becoming the
manufactures at the West is $46, and at the materials for clothing.
East $122, and that the West produces nearly    " Thus the golden period
for the West has
one-third as much as the Eastern and Middle arrived; the East no longer having
the ad-
States. But the productions are of a coarser vantage over her, and the usual
employment
description, as is evident from the fact that at for capital being cut off
to a great extent, we
the West the raw materials are 60 per cent of shall soon find her expanding
in this new di-
the value produced, while at the East they are rection and furnishing not
only food but cloth-
but 50 per cent.  These manufactures at the ing for the world.   Her fertile
soil, aided by
West, it must be remembered, have grown up machinery, can, with the same
amount of
without any protection from the vast competi- manual labor, furnish a larger
surplus of food
tion of New England Capital, although that than any other region; while her
raw materi-
competition has been far more direct and ef- als, her minerals, her water-cotrses,
and her
fective than was that cf foreign goods against railroads all combine with
cheap food to make
New England at the close of the war in 1812. the West the region for the
cheapest possible
The principal kinds of manufactures produced production of manufactures.
   The fruits of
East and West, have been as follows, accord- her rich soil will then find
a market, not only
ing to the same authority:                    directly but also in the shape
of goods. Eng-
                   EAST.                    land now imports food and material
from the
               Capital. .-     Value-      .   est, and, combining them with
English labor,
                 1880       1isso     MeO   furnishes goods for the supply
of the world.
Boots and shoes.  20,019,039 68,7423,572 $77,355,368 The Eastern States have
also in the same way
woolens .31.51.32.8 4       ,586922 ,79 t573,60 6 gained great wealth.  But
now the West is
Clotbing ...........  17,471,504  37,837,591  61,818,292 about to do that
business for herself-combin-
Sewing Machines.....  1,344,50  ............ .416,0 ing her own labor, material
and food, and
Furniture ...........  3,372,152  12,270,416 16,026,165 tb  becomin the ceitre
of manufactures
Pig iron ..........3................ .............. 3,170,101  erey
Steam engines ......... ............ 28,529,733  32,937,381
Agricultural impl ....4 ............  414,232  8,249,291
Iron foundries ....... . ........... 14,683,800  20 871,10 Jl  It is said
that if bricks are dipped in
lourm....  ...... .... . 74,76     go   9028  water before being laid in
the wall, the mor-
Soap and candles .....3 ,816,968  7,940,632  10,468:542 tar will adhere better.