TRE tWICONSI* YARkER:



The



IThe native grasses, however, grow luxuriantly
ad will doubtless be made subservient to a
;onmewhat extensive system of graing. when
that section of country shall have become well
settled. The first colony was established in
g62, beiag seat out from the great parent
  ve of Mormondom, whose symbol of Industry
is "'Deseret," the honey-bee.
  The settlemest increased in population but
slowly, there having been but seventy-three
families in the whole extent of the cotton coun-
try so late as the autumn 6f 1861. Sines that
date, however, a great impetus has been given
to the movement through the direct agency of
the "Church," which has sent of hundreds
of individuals and families with the comfort-
ing assurance that they had " a ell " to labor
kin that field of duty. Soibe two hundred fam-
ilies were thus transferred to the cotton region
during the autumn of the last year, and now,
I am informed, there are some five hundred
families in that part of the Territory.
  The culture was attempted as a dernier resort
only, owing to the scarcity and extreme high
price of the staple and the fabrics manufactur-
ed therefrom, both in the States and here. It
was not supposed that enough could ever be
raised to make a surplusage over home con-



sumption, and mayhap not even for that; as
investigation and a careful calculation based



thereon demonstrated the fact that no greater
area in the entire Territory than eight to ten thou-
sand acres was adapted to the cultivation of the
staple.
  Cotton was first planted in the spring of 1865,
and was found to be eminently successful, al-
though requiring a laborious and extensive
system of irrigation, in common with all oper-
ations in this Territory looking to success in
agricultural pursuits. No extensive tracts or
large fields were planted, a small " patch " or
perhaps an acre or two, at the most, being till-
ed by each of the families then resident there.



It is estimated that two hundred acres was the
entire area thus cultivated, the total yield of
which is calculated at seventy-4ve thousad
pounds, an average of three hundred and sev-
i enty-five pounds to the acre. The best Yield



98



per aere was thirteein hundred and fifty pounds,
" in the seed," equivalent to four hundred and
Sty pounds when ginned and cleaned.
  Washington and Santa Clara were found to
be the best localities for the culture, which
places are about three hundred and sixty miles
south from this city, and north but a few miles
from the southern boundary of the Territory.
  The quality is a fair upland, and I enclose a
sample that you may be enabled to judge of
the length and fineness of the fibre.
  There were but two cotton gins in the Terri-
tory prior to the arrival of the " Church trains"
from the States, late in the season, and those,
being made here, were clumsy and inefficiont
in operation. The trains brought in four of
the most improved construction, precisely like
those in use in the cotton producing regions of
the southern States.
  It is confidently anticipated that with the
experience gained by the last year's operations
together with the improved appliances now at
hand for ginning and cleaning the cotton, that
henceforth the production will be largely in-
creased, sufficient at least to supply the more
argent needs of the people. At any rate, the
development of home resources in that respect
will be tested by the thorough application of



in extended system of labor, rendered effect-
ive by the characteristic industry of the work-



ing classes here.
I will further state, while the cotton country
is under consideration, that the Chinese Sugar
Cane is extensively cultivated there, far more
han a home supply of sorghum being manu-
factured, the surplus being exported and ex-
,hanged for flour and wheat produced in Iron
county adjoining Washington on the north,
)oth of which counties stretch entirely across
he Territory from the eastern to the western
imits. The farmers of the latter find it much
nore profitable to devote their attention to the
cultivation of cotton and cane, rather than in



aising cereals.
Grapes succeed in perfection, even rivalling
California in that respect, and extensive vine-
yards have been started by means of the thou-
sands of cuttings obtained from this city as



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