THE WJ CN9SIN FA4 X R.



gium, Prussia, Italy and Sweden are each well
represented. But of these we propose an ex-
amination on some future occasion, when the
special exhibitions of those several countries
come to be considered.  For to-day we may
confine our hurried inspection to what is here
shown by the British Kingdom, which, in this
department, as in almost every other, is ahead
of the rest of the world.
              MARBNE ENGINES
  Come first in order. Some of them are not
more remarkable for their massiveness and
power, than for the perfection and beauty of
their finish. One-a representative of the best
high and low pressure engine- presents a va-
riety of imp rovements, and when provided
with apparatus for super-heating the steam,
feed-water heaters, &c., is said to consume but
two pounds of coal per indicated horse power.
There are, likewise, several other marine en-
gines of improved and peculiar construction,
two of them with direct-acting, inverted cyl-
inders; that is, with the two cylinders working
vertically over the crank-shaft, and thereby
economizing width - a consideration of great
importance in the narrow hold of a ship.

  We find, also, an interesting collection of
models illustrative of the history and present
condition of screw steam navigation-among
them models of the engines used in the King-
ston and Holyhead mail service, so remarkable
for the high speed and regularity with which
the passages are performed acroEs the Irish
Channel. The contract time for making the
passage is 31 hours, which requires a high de-
gree of speed; and so far from ever failing to
*, come to time," in 1861 they made an aggre-
gate gain of 41 hours, or about 4 minutes on
each passage. The English are famous for this
kind of regularity and reliability in all matters
involving the public interest, while we Yan-
kees are more of the slam-ahead sort without
so much regard to that invariability which is
essential to the comfort and convenience of the
great public.
      LAND ENGINES AND LOCOMOTTYE8
  A -nd               ann.11. 4ntaremtmnu -



Those intended for agricultural use have al-
ready been referred to. It remains to take a
look at the stationary engines for use in facto-
ries, mills, mines, and at the locomotive en-
gines, of all of which there are several 4ery
interesting examples.
  The road engines, or rather road steam-car-
riages, we briefly alluded to in an article on
steam plowing. It would not he correct to say
that they are common in England, though sev-
eral of them have been constructed and used
with considerable satisfaction. They resemble
in general appearance, the ordinary portable
agricultural steam engines, and are usually
constructed with disconnecting gear, so that
the power may be used, when desired, for driv-
ing threshing, grinding, and other machinery.
  ",The Aveliug or Porter engine," which we
saw at Farningham making its way along the
road, and through the fields, and up and down
steep hills with all the %facility with which a
well trained mule could have traversed the
same paths, was driven by an endless chain,
which transmits the power from the engine to
the driving wheels; the steering being effected
by a single small wheel in front.

  Bray's engine for roads is peculiar In that it
has a series of apertures in the driving wheel
tires, through which, by means of an eccen-
tric, a series of blades or teeth may be pro-
truded, in order to gain additional hold on
steep inclines or soft roads.  The power is
transmitted by pinions on the orank-shaft,
gearing into large toothed wheels in the driv-
ing wheels; steering effected by a screw worm
and sector.
  There would seem to be no sufficient reason
why locomotive engines for road use should
not succeed, and, from what we have seen in
England, it is onr opinion that they will ulti-
mately come into extensive use for certain par-
poses
          GREW'S ICE LOCOMOTIVE
is a novelty, and we must look at it. It differs
in construction from the Yankee invention by
Norman Wiard. but may meet with a like fate.
  IC looks lik   an1 ordinar tan egie 16t



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