T,#E WISCON!



merous than in most American implements.
  Under the general head of
       CVLTIVATOXS AND MARVES5ThR
There is a fine array of implements for putting
in the seed, cultivating various crops, harvest-
ing them, &c.
  The drill has been in use in England since
the middle of the 17th century, though it is
probable that the one invented by Jethro Tull,
even as late as 1730, was considerably less per-
fect than many of these before us to-day. And
yet, most of these seem quite too complex, and
are evidently susceptible of improvement.
  The horse-hoe, so seldom seen in America, is
a favorite implement here.  We shall learn to
use them in course of time, when thorough
farming becomes a necessity.
  .anure-disiribittrs belong to the sonae cate-
gory, and must wait some years yet for a gen-
eral introduction on " the other side the pond"
-at least until American farmers shall have
learned that manure is of some practical value,
if not ", the mother of the meal chest," as is
claimed by the more rational English farmer.
  In the matter of reapers and mowers, horse-
rakes and hay-makers, England is quite behind
America and is glad, at last, to take lessons of
McCormic and his numerous confreres.
         FOOD-PREPARING MACHINES.
  What a multitude of horse-powers, threshing
machines, fanning mills, grinding mills, root-
cutters, &c., &c.
  Most of the mills for grinding grain for ei-
ther the family or for cattle are burr stoncs
variously arranged.  Scarcely any cast iron
mills, such as we have at home, are here.
  One of the best kibbling mills consists of two
solid steel rollers, with fluted surfaces, made
to pass each other at different velocities. By
means of this machine, beans, peas, oats, bar-
ley, Indian corn, &c., are crushed easily and
to any required size.  With a power capable
of giving it 100 revolutions a minute, it will
crush 22 bushels of beans per hour.
  Root cutters and pulpers without number
and of excellent construction. England knows
the economical value of roots for stock. We
have yet to learn that important lesson.



SIN FARMER.                               87



         . TH THEESHINO MACHINXS
  Are, some of them, novel in construction,
sad do their work admirably. Ranoome &
Sin's Patent Combined Double-blast Stenm
Threshing, Riddling, Straw-ahaking, Winnow-
ing, and Final Dressing Machine " is one of
the most interesting of these. The drum is 54
inches in clear width, and is fitted with revers-
ible wrought iron beaters, which do not break
or injure the grain, and which " will thresh
barley so that it will malt perfectly."  The
grain is fed into the machine lengthwise, so
that the straw is not beat in threshing, and,
consequently, it leaves the machine uninjured.
After the grain has passed through the drum,
the straw is carried into the shaker, which is
of peculiar construction-separating the straw
so that any grain remaining in it may be re-
tained in the machine, carrying back the grain
and short straws thus separated to the dress-
ing part of the machine; and carrying away
the straw so that it may be easily removed from
the tail of the machine. These several import-
ant objects are accomplished by means of the
following contrivance:  The rollers are Yo
placed that the spikes of one roller nearly touch
the circumference of the adjacent rollers, and
also the board which forms the bottom of the
shaker. The rollers revolve at equal speed so
that as the straw leaves the drum it is shaken
continually in a jerking manner, exactly like
the action of handshaking by means of a rake
or fork.

  The riddling apparatus consists of a series
of riddles with meshes differing in size, so as
to adapt them to different kinds of grain.
Whilst the corn is passing through the riddling
apparatus, it is subjected to a blast from the
fan, made stronger or weaker by openingior
closing the doors at the end of the fan bok;
the chaff being blown towards the back of the
machine.
  After the threshed grain has passed through
the riddles, the clean portion is carried down
to the elevator bottom, whence it is carried up
by the elevators, dropped into the barley awn-
er, through which it passes into a cleaner