52

to an exquisite rosy
the proportion of
sold, at wholesale, l
pound; the native
as high as twenty-
other of the triump:
   Many of the lead,
 and other pigments
 eating, but we have
          ARTIFICIA
   A new and remar
 rubber! It is mad
 varnish with a small
 is already being pi
 which esoutchouc
 past years.
   Prepared cloth, s
 ped into cauldrons
 the air for a day at
 so on until a thici
 This is then scrape4
 ing rolls, worked ini
 the fabric to be coo
 required form.  It
 pigments and vulcas
 as to form a hard c,
 ebonite.
 AN ARTIFICIAL AND
               GUTT
Exhibited by Alexi
ham, the inventor,
product of modern
never presented to
made by combining
and collodion.  Th
Parkesine, solidifies
tic, transparent, ant
made opaque by th
ment. It possesses I
ties, is unaffected by
moulded or pressed i
and promptly acquir
Ping that of iron!  t
!only about twelve 4
seems to be no limii
which it may be put.
  Here we must stop



THE WISCONSIN FARMER.



* violet, by simply varying
sulphur. This pigment is
for about fifteen pence per
iltramarine being formerly
five dollars an ounce-an-
hs of chemistry.
zinc, antimonial, tungsten
used in the arts are inter-
no time for them now.
L XNDIA-RtBBER.
kable substitute for India-
le of oxydized linseed-oil
I proportion of shellac, and
it to most of the uses for
has been famous the few

tretched in frames, is dip-
of the varnish, exposed to
id then dipped again, and
} layer has accumulated.
I off, crushed in hot mix-
to dough, and.spread upon
tted, or moulded into any
may also be worked with
nized, without sulphur, so
Dmpound like vulcanite or

PEZRFKCTLY TRANSPARENT
A PERCHA,
inder Parkes, of Birming-
is a yet more wonderful
chemical science, and was
the public before.  It is
oil, chloride of sulphur,
.e hardened mass, called
at once, and is hard, elas-
i water-proof. It may be
e use of any desired pig-
)owerful iasulating proper-
, damp, is capable of being
into any conceivable form,
es a hardness almost rival-
[he cost of production is
Dents a pound, and there
t to the practical uses to

i in our examination of the



countless products of the chemic art. The
view has been hurried and a thousand things
paased by without even a glance. But we have
been delighted, it is hoped, with the progress
of the past ten years, and convinced anew that
the 8ubtile forces of Chemnistry are the real won-
der-worker, of the world.

           Depth of lowing Wheat.
  We have heard of an instance in England
where wheat had been sown broadcast on the
land, and before it could be harrowed in, rain
fell and continued to fall for days, so that the
seed never was covered, yet the crop did well.
On the other hand, we have known seed wheat
plowed in three or four inches deep, and this
also did well.
  Still, the depth at which it is best to sow
wheat is a matter of some importance. If all
the conditions are favorable, there may be lit-
tle difference in the result of covering deep or
shallow or not at all.  But in the case of a
very dry fall, and especially on land from
which a spring crop has been removed, it is
very important to bury the seed deep enough
to insure moisture sufficient for its germina-
tion. Hence one advantage of sowing with
the drill.
  One of the editors of the Country Gentleman
sowed some wheat on the 21st of last May at
various depths, and carefully noted the result.
That which was covered half an inch deep
came up in 5 days; 1 inch deep in 6 days; 2
inches deep in 7 days; 8 inches deep in 8 days;
4 inches deep in 10 days; 6 inches deep in 12
days. Five weeks afterwards, there was no
perceptible difference between that planted
half at inch and an inch deep; that planted 2
inches deep was not quite so good; and so on,
decreasing in quality as the depth of planting
increased. At six inches depth, there were
but very few slender stalks.
  In the fall of the year the ground is warmer
than in May, and it is well known that the
warmer the soil, other things being equal, the
sooner will seed germinate. On this account
we should perhaps sow a little deeper in the
autumn than in the spring.
  As a rule, we may conclude that the shal-
lower grain is covered, so that a constant and
adequate supply of moisture is furnished, the
more rapidly will germination proceed. If
wheat is sown early enough, rapid germination
is not very essential, and therefore the aim
should be to get the wheat well and evenly
covered, even if germination is delayed a few
days. In the spring, when the ground is moist
and cool, wheat need not bt covered more than
an fmelh deep. In the fall it may be covered
deeper, say from one to two inches-and if the
ground is very dry, a little deeper.-Gbesaee
Fas mer.