in, can we spell all words
eference to the dictionary ;
d words in general use are
.aster. At any rate the wri-
5hand a reliable dictionary,
I go from the hand without
led.
ffill aid students somewhat
of spelling:

Elementary Sounds.

ry sound is the simplest sound
anguage, as a, e, b, k.
language contains about forty
As.
are divided into three classes-
, and aspirates.
nsist of a pure tone only, as a,
consist of tone united with
1, M, n, r.
consist of pure breath only; as
D words contain the different
ids of the language:
-a-me, b-a-11, a-t, m-e, m-e-t,
-1d, m-o-ve, n-o-t, m-u-te, p-u-li,

d-og,     g-o,    ,j-oy,    1-ife,

V,v; W,w; X,x; Y,y; Z,z.
As will be seen, there are more elementary
sounds than letters. It therefore follows that
some letters must represent more than one sound
each.
Those letters which represent vocals are called
vowels. They are a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes w
and y.
Those letters which represent sub-vocals and
aspirates are called consonants.
The sub-vocals and consonants are b, d, g, 1,
m, n, r, v, z.
The aspirates and consonants are f, h, k, c, q

1P, t,8.

Rules for Spelling.

1. Words of one syllable ending ir, L, or s, preceded by a single
vowel, double the final consona.t; as STAF, MILL, PaSS; except IF,
OF, AS, GAS, HAS, WAS, YES, IS, HIS, THIS, US, THUS.
2. Words ending in any other consonant except F, L, and s, do not
double the final letter; except ADD, ODD, FG, ERB, INN, ERR, PURR,
BUTr, BUZZ, and some proper names.
8. Words of one syllable, and words accented on the lastsyllable,
when     end with a single consonant, preceded by a single vowel,
double the final consonant before an additional syllable beginning
with a vowel; as ROB, ROBBEm; pERMIT, PEaRTTrNo; but x final, be-
ing equivalent to Rs, Is an exception, and is never doubled.
4. A final consonant, when not preceded by a single vowel, or when
the accent is not on the last Syllable, should remain single before an
additional syllable; as ToIL, ToILIe; vIsIT, VIsITED. L and s are
often doubled, in violation of this rule, when the accent Is not on the
last 3yllable; as TRAVEL, TRATELLER; BIAS, BIASSED. It is better to
write TRAVELER and BAiSD.
5. Primitive words ending in L  reject One L before LESS and LY; as
SKILL, SKILLESS; FULL, FULLY but words ending in any other double
letter, preserve it double before these terminations; as FREE,7FEELY;
ODD, ODDLY.
6. The final R of a primitive word is generally omitted before an
additional termination beginning with a vowel; as HATE, RATABLE;
FoRcE, FoRcIBLE; but words ending In cE and oz retain the R before
ABLE and ous; as PEACE, PEACEABLE; OUTRAG , OUTRAGEOUS.
7. The final E of a primitive word is generally retained before an
additional termination beginning with a consonant; as PALE, PALE-
xass; but when the E is preceded by a vowel it is sometimes omitted;
as TRUE, TRULY: and sometimes retained; as SHoE, sHoxLEss.