TOWNSHIP HISTORY.

summer in June or July, was under the treaty of Green Bay
of 1832, $1,000 annually. Under the treaty of Cedar Point of
1836, the amount was increased to $23,750, annual cash pay-
ment; but changed by the Senate on ratification to $20,000, to
be paid annually for the term of twenty years. These annui-
ties were given for a cession by the tribe to the United States
of all their rights to 4,000,000 acres of land. "The United
States further agreed to pay and deliver to the said Indians,
each and every year during the said term of twenty years
the following articles: $3,000 worth of provisions; 2,000 pounds
of tobacco; 30 barrels salt; also $500 for the purchase of farm-
ing utensils, cattle or implements of husbandry, to be expended
by the superintendent," also appoint and pay two blacksmiths
and furnish the iron and steel for them, as mentioned in the
history.of Winneconne.  It was also agreed to pay the just
debts of the Indians amounting, if proven to be $99,710.50. The
further sum of $80,000 was to be divided among the mixed
bloods.
It was the distribution of the articles and payment of cash at
the pay ground in the present town of Poygan, from the time
of the making of this treaty in 1836, until the making of the
treaty of 1848, giving up the lands north of the Fox and Wolf
rivers in the county, a period of some twelve years, that drew
to these annual payments an adventurous crowd of all classes of
society then on the frontier. People came to these payments
from all parts of the county, and along the river as far as
Green Bay on the one side and Portage on the other. There
were traders like Grignon, Porlier, Powell, Archibald Cald-
well and Smith Moores from this county, and John Lawe and
Daniel Whitney from Green Bay, who came for the collection
of their just accounts for the credits of the Indians during the
year. Then there was the peddler and vender of flash jewelry.
beads and colored scarfs, who came to attract the Indian to their
wares. Then the gambler, the sport and the hanger-on of the
frontier came to play his game, and all of them came to get
their share of the money of the Indian, and they all met with
fair success. The agent of the United States was usually guard-
ed by a company of soldiers, who made some show of protect-
ing the Indian. Temporary eating houses and boarding places
were improvised and the scene was one of thrilling, exciting
life, the forest was alive with the hum of its activity. After the
treaty of 1848, the Indians remained on the site of Poygan for

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