MARKS OF AMERICAN POTTERS.

the originial white clai stamps of this variety is in the Penn-
s.\lvania  Mutistetum  collectioll.
TFhe same words, with the addition of the initials of the
State (N. J.), were also enclosed in a circular stamip and im-
pressed on Rockiinglam pitchers and jugs . Also found on
ciram-w\are tea services. with relief ornamentation (see illus-
1tonl 14).
IMessrs. Rouse and Turner took the Jersc City 1 otterv
soon after 1850. YI'ev iade white ware, oin which they
placed the English mark, the lion and unicorn, with the initials
of the fin, R. & T., 1eneath. This was probablY the first
Alimerican p tt-e to stamlp its wares with a forci1ii mark. It
was the beginnin()g Io a practice which afterwarids became
comI aimng American manufacturers anild has survived
until the present time, for, until a few years ago, foreign
wvares were pireferreld to the dmiiestic.
About 880o the firm   began to use a new mark on their
ivor white ware for decorators. This mark conlsisted of the
letters I. V. W. It was evidently prepared hurriedly, as the
midlle letter should have been a \\. but. since the error hald
appeared oin the ware, it was never cnrrected.
In tihe autumn of [8i)2 tile old builidings, which had stood
or ncarlv three-quarters of a centur , were torn down, to
make room for moderti improvements.
WIi1AM Y( WN( & SONS, TRENT( )N, N. J.
It 1853 \illiam Youig, ill conection with his so, \mI.
(unt, Jr., commenced the mainitfacture of carthemare in
tton, in a small potter leased fr iom Charles I Hatterslev.
\Immhi Ich  l hbeci btilt ini the preceding year. For four years
they' made hardwar e prcelail, soie china vases, pitchers of
various kimds aid a few dishes. In1 1854 the Pitcher. labes
iin the \\od.- and a small chiia vase were issueid.
In 187    new\ putter> was started ulider the naime of the
Ixcelsior PotterY \\irks, which was ioperated by William
oung & Sons (William, Jr., Edward ad John) until 1870.

R.4£'T.

44

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