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sites for adverse environmental, health, or social effects.    At present, such
reports have been prepared and submitted to the Department, or are under prep-
aration, for all of the public and private sewage treatment plants currently
within the Region. It is recommended that this plant-specific permitting process
be maintained and that the sewage treatment plant sludge management facilities
for the facilities noted in Tables XVIII-4 and XVIII-6 be expanded and upgraded
as needed under the established permitting process.
Abatement of Pollution from Sewer System Flow Relief Devices
In 1975, there were 493 sanitary sewerage system flow relief devices in the
Region which discharged sanitary sewage from separate sanitary sewer systems to
surface water bodies. The initial regional water quality management plan recom-
mended that each unit or agency of government responsible for the construction,
operation, and maintenance of separate sanitary sewerage systems within the
Region conduct detailed studies of local sewerage systems to identify all points
of sewage flow relief and to ultimately eliminate all flow relief points through
sewerage facility construction and infiltration and inflow reduction programs.
During the period since 1975, infiltration and inflow sewer system evaluations
have been carried out for most of the sanitary sewer systems in the Region and,
in many cases, flow reduction programs have been undertaken.     However, as of
1990, releases of raw sanitary sewage from sanitary sewer system flow relief
devices continued to occur throughout the Region.     While the sewerage system
upgrading which has occurred since the preparation of the initial regional water
quality management plan has reduced the occurrences and the extent of discharges
of untreated wastewater from flow relief devices in the Region; as of 1993 there
still remained in existence within the Region about 330 sanitary sewer flow
relief devices.   These included 36 bypasses, 42 relief pumping stations, 52
portable pumping stations, and 200 sanitary to storm sewer crossovers.
During 1994, the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District completed work on the
construction of the inline storage system, a major component of its water pollu-
tion abatement program as documented in the District facility plan.11 Given the
conveyance capacity now available in the inline storage deep tunnel system,
bypassing from other sanitary sewer flow relief devices may be expected to be
further reduced as additional sewerage system improvement upgrading is accom-
plished by the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District and other local units of
government operating sewer systems.    Currently, there are plans underway to           I
further reduce the number of flow relief devices on the Milwaukee Metropolitan
area sanitary sewer system.12
"Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District, MMSD Wastewater System Plan, June
1980.
12During 1994, the City of Milwaukee developed preliminary plans to specifically
eliminate 52 of the 106 crossovers in the City's sanitary sewer system. In most
cases, the crossovers were connected to other locations in the Milwaukee sewer
system where adequate capacity was available. These plans were being refined and        I

reviewed with the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District staff at the end of
1994.                                 -755-                                              I
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